Table 2.
Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for high perceived stress during early pregnancy (n=979), Proyecto Buena Salud, 2006-2011
| Model A |
Model B |
Model C |
Model D |
Model E |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Demographic factors | ||||||||||
| Age | ||||||||||
| <19 | 0.5 | (0.4, 0.8) | 0.5 | (0.4, 0.8) | 0.5 | (0.3, 0.8) | 0.6 | (0.4, 0.9) | 0.6 | (0.4, 0.9) |
| 19-23 | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent |
| 24-29 | 1.2 | (0.9, 1.8) | 1.3 | (0.9, 1.9) | 1.3 | (0.9, 1.9) | 1.3 | (0.9, 1.9) | 1.2 | (0.8, 1.8) |
| ≥30 | 0.7 | (0.4, 1.2) | 0.8 | (0.4, 1.3) | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.3) | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.4) | 0.7 | (0.4, 1.3) |
| Educational status | ||||||||||
| <High school | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent |
| High school graduate | 0.9 | (0.6, 1.3) | 0.9 | (0.6, 1.3) | 0.9 | (0.6, 1.3) | 0.8 | (0.6, 1.2) | 0.9 | (0.6, 1.2) |
| Some college/graduate | 0.7 | (0.4, 1.1) | 0.7 | (0.4, 1.1) | 0.7 | (0.5, 1.1) | 0.6 | (0.4, 1.0) | 0.7 | (0.4, 1.1) |
| Annual Household Income | ||||||||||
| <$15,000 | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent |
| >$15,000-$30,000 | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.3) | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.2) | 0.7 | (0.5, 1.2) | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.2) | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.2) |
| >$30,000 | 0.6 | (0.3, 1.1) | 0.5 | (0.2, 1.0) | 0.5 | (0.2, 1.0) | 0.4 | (0.2, 0.9) | 0.5 | (0.2, 1.0) |
| Don’t know/Refused/Missing | 1.1 | (0.8, 1.6) | 1.1 | (0.8, 1.6) | 1.1 | (0.8, 1.6) | 1.2 | (0.8, 1.7) | 1.2 | (0.8, 1.7) |
| Live with spouse/partner | ||||||||||
| No | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent |
| Yes | 1.1 | (0.8, 1.5) | 1.1 | (0.8, 1.5) | 1.1 | (0.8, 1.5) | 1.2 | (0.8, 1.6) | 1.2 | (0.9, 1.6) |
| Children (<18 yrs) in household | ||||||||||
| 0 | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent |
| 1 | 0.8 | (0.6, 1.3) | 0.9 | (0.6, 1.3) | 0.8 | (0.6, 1.3) | 0.9 | (0.6, 1.4) | 0.9 | (0.6, 1.4) |
| 2 | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.2) | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.3) | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.3) | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.3) | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.3) |
| 3+ | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.3) | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.4) | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.4) | 0.9 | (0.6, 1.5) | 0.9 | (0.6, 1.5) |
| Acculturation Factors | ||||||||||
| Language preference for | ||||||||||
| English | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | ||
| Spanish | 0.7 | (0.5, 1.0) | 0.7 | (0.5, 1.1) | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.1) | 0.8 | (0.5. 1.2) | ||
| Generation in the continental US | ||||||||||
| Born in PR/DR | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | ||||
| Parent born in PR/DR | 1.4 | (1.0, 1.9) | 1.3 | (0.9, 1.8) | 1.3 | (0.9, 1.8) | ||||
| Grandparent born in PR/DR | 0.4 | (0.2, 1.0) | 0.4 | (0.2, 1.0) | 0.4 | (0.2, 1.1) | ||||
| Behavioral Factors | ||||||||||
| Pre-pregnancy alcohol consumption | ||||||||||
| None | 1.0 | referent | 1.0 | referent | ||||||
| 0 to 5 drinks per month | 1.2 | (0.8, 1.9) | 1.2 | (0.8, 1.8) | ||||||
| Over 5 to 12 drinks per month | 1.8 | (1.1, 2.9) | 1.7 | (1.1, 2.8) | ||||||
| Over 12 drinks per month | 2.4 | (1.6, 3.6) | 2.2 | (1.4, 3.5) | ||||||
| Pre-pregnancy cigarette smoking | ||||||||||
| None | 1.0 | referent | ||||||||
| ≤ 10 cigarettes per day | 1.0 | (0.7, 1.5) | ||||||||
| > 10 cigarettes per day | 2.2 | (1.3, 3.7) | ||||||||
| c-statistic | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | |||||
Odds ratios (OR)s and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI)s calculated from multivariable logistic regression models.
Each variable was adjusted for all other variables in the model.
Model A = age, education, income, living with spouse/partner, and number of children in the household
Model B = Model A + language preference for speaking/reading
Model C = Model B + generation in the U.S.
Model D = Model C + pre-pregnancy alcohol consumption
Model E = Model D + pre-pregnancy cigarette smoking