Table 1.
Experimental studies involving miRNAs binding to 5′UTR. Target genes, mechanism of translational regulation and the biological process in which they are involved are also reported.
| miRNA Name | Target mRNA or protein | Function/Process/Interaction | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Translation repression | |||
| miR-2 (Drosophila) | luciferase reporter gene | Deadenylation and formation of pseudopolysomes and reduction of 80S complex formation | [26] |
| miR-138 (Human) | FOSL1 | Tumor suppressor microRNA. Down regulation of FOS-like antigen-1 (FOSL1) affects snail homolog 2 (SNAI2) and repression of E-cadherin. Contribution to tumorigenesis, cancer initiation and progression |
[27] |
| miR-34a (Human) | AXIN2 luciferase reporter assay | miBridge interaction (miRNA binding both 5′ and 3′ UTRs) | [24] |
| miR-605 (Human) | SEC24D luciferase reporter assay | miBridge interaction (miRNA binding both 5′ and 3′ UTRs) | [24] |
| Translation activation | |||
| miR-122 (Human) | HCV viral genome | Activation of translation of HCV mRNA, increase of 48s association in the initiation complex at the 5′UTR of viral genome. Accumulation of viral RNA and more efficient replication of HCV. | [28–35] |
| miR-10a (Human) | mRNA Ribosomal Proteins | Binding to 5′ TOP of mRNAs stimulating translation and decreasing the repression induced by amino acid starvation. Control of ribosome biogenesis and global protein synthesis, oncogenic potential in transforming cells. 5′TOP regulation of cellular stress response. | [36] |
| miR-346 (Human) | RIP140 | Increase of the RIP140 level and direct increase of its repression activity. MiRNA is involved in the regulatory network to maintain the homeostasis in hormonal responses and metabolism. | [37] |