Figure 3.
Effects of aluminum ion (Al3+) and its addition time on mycelia growth (I) and palmarumycins C12 and C13 production (II) in liquid culture of Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12. The period of culture lasted for 13 days. The error bars represent standard deviations from three independent samples. Different letters indicate significant differences among the treatments at p = 0.05 level. Palmarumycins C12 and C13 are abbreviated as C12 and C13, respectively. A, B, C, D, E and F denote 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mmol/L of Al3+ concentration in medium, respectively.