Table 3.
Summary of the outcomes of conservativetreatment, repair, and reconstruction for knee medial instability.
| Author (year) | Type of injury | Acute/Chronic | N° patients | Treatment | Follow-up | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Derscheid (1981)18 | Grade I-II | Acute | 51 (football players) | Conservative | Grade 1: return to play 10.6 days postinjury. Grade II: return to play 19.5 days post-injury |
|
| Lundberg(1996)19 | Grade I-II | Acute | 38 | Conservative | 10 years | At 4 years average Lysholm score |
| Indelicato (1990)20 | Grade III | Acute | 21 (football players) | Conservative | 46 months | Good or excellent results in 20 cases, average return to sport 9.2 weeks |
| Kannus (1988)21 | Grade II and III | Acute | 81 | Conservative | Long-term | Grade II: good results. Grade III: medial instability, dysfunction of the ACL, muscle weakness, and arthritis |
| Reider (1994)22 | Grade III | Acute | 35 athletes | Early functional rehabilitation | 5.3 years | Mean HSS score 45.9 (comparable to surgery and immobilization) |
| Hughston(1983)23 | Anteromedial instability 2+ or more | Acute | 89 | Surgical repair | 7.8 years | 94% back to preinjury level of performance |
| Hughston (1994)24 | Anteromedial instability 2+or more | Acute | 41 | Surgical repair | 20 years | 93% of good results and 7% of failures |
| Kim (2008)11 | Chronic | 24 | Reconstruction | >2 years | mean Lysholm score 91.9, and medial opening <2mm in 22 patients | |
| Lind (2009)13 | Grade 3 or 4 (IKDC) medial instability (with or without ACL, PCL, PLC) | Chronic | 50 | Reconstruction | >2 years | 98% of normal or nearly normal medial stability. 91% of subjective satisfaction. |
| Yoshlya(2005)14 | Grade III medial instablity | Acute and Chronic | 24 | Reconstruction | >2 years | 100% of normal or nearly normal IKDC score |