Figure 4.
Velocity amplification mechanism for off-centre impacts (a–c) Time sequence of events during impact of a drop with a conical splash-cup. (a) Drop falls of diameter d falls with velocity U0. (b) Touchdown occurs when the drop first contacts cone surface. The velocity U0 consists of two components, U0,n and U0,t, parallel and normal to the splash-cup surface, respectively. (c) During impact process, the splash creates a film of height h which exits the cup with velocity U1 in the left-handed direction. (Online version in colour.)