Table 4.
Substitution rates between the intronic and exonic regions of retrogenes and their corresponding regions of parental genes
|
Retrogene |
Intronic region |
Exonic region |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ka | Ks | Ka/Ks | P-value | Length | Ka | Ks | Ka/Ks | P-value | Length | |
| TMEM14Dc |
0.062 |
0.058 |
1.074 |
0.936 |
105 |
0.006 |
0.014 |
0.440 |
0.570 |
237 |
| RPS3AP5a |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
0.017 |
0.014 |
1.210 |
0.172 |
780 |
| XXyac-R12DG2.2b |
0.024 |
0.029 |
0.830 |
0.892 |
129 |
0.008 |
0.012 |
0.643 |
0.631 |
813 |
| HSP90B2Pac,* |
0.823 |
0.597 |
1.379 |
0.526 |
144 |
0.045 |
0.067 |
0.678 |
0.091 |
2163 |
| HSP90AA4Pc,* |
0.104 |
0.277 |
0.374 |
0.000 |
744 |
0.055 |
0.085 |
0.656 |
0.000 |
1374 |
| HSP90AA5Pc,* |
0.087 |
0.215 |
0.406 |
0.001 |
672 |
0.088 |
0.221 |
0.400 |
0.082 |
897 |
| CSMD3b |
0.313 |
0.575 |
0.544 |
0.051 |
291 |
0.186 |
0.282 |
0.659 |
0.310 |
225 |
| WBP2NLb |
0.033 |
0.088 |
0.373 |
0.192 |
177 |
0.385 |
0.377 |
1.021 |
0.919 |
684 |
| AC019016.1c | 0.083 | 0.082 | 1.010 | 0.978 | 636 | 0.081 | 0.175 | 0.466 | 0.084 | 273 |
Ka represents the non-synonymous substitution rate and Ks indicates the synonymous substitution rate. The P-value was calculated with the likelihood ratio test and the null hypothesis was Ka/Ks =1. NA: not available (the corresponding parental sequence of the new intron in retrogene RPS3AP5 did not exist, because the intron was created by insertion of an external sequence). ‘a’, The retrogene gained introns by insertion of an external sequence. ‘b’, The retrogene gained introns after transcription in the opposite orientation compared to the parent. ‘c’, The retrogene gained introns by intronization. ‘*’, Evidence at the protein level for transcription of the retrogene was obtained.