Table 2. Cox proportional hazards analysis of factors associated with overall survival.

Variables	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis*
	HR (95% CI)	P	HR (95% CI)	P
Age, years
<65	1.00		1.00
≥65	1.09 (0.72–1.64)	0.692	1.29 (0.78–2.14)	0.328
Gender
Male	1.00		1.00
Female	0.65 (0.43–0.99)	0.045	0.75 (0.46–1.22)	0.245
CEA, µg/L
<5	1.00		1.00
≥5	3.35 (2.07–5.44)	<0.001	1.92 (1.10–3.34)	0.021
Differentiation
Well	1.00		1.00
Moderate	1.64 (0.86–3.12)	0.131	1.66 (0.80–3.45)	0.171
Poor	3.59 (1.65–7.83)	0.001	4.25 (1.73–10.5)	0.002
Stage
I–III	1.00		1.00
IV	5.19 (3.40–7.92)	<0.001	3.61 (2.11–6.18)	<0.001
Lymphovascular invasion
Negative	1.00		1.00
Positive	2.78 (1.84–4.19)	<0.001	1.48 (0.79–2.77)	0.225
Perineural invasion
Negative	1.00		1.00
Positive	2.39 (1.53–3.75)	<0.001	1.20 (0.65–2.24)	0.561
Lymph node involvement
Negative	1.00		1.00
Positive	2.76 (1.79–4.24)	<0.001	1.64 (0.96–2.80)	0.073
Wnt pathway gene polymorphisms
Low risk	1.00		1.00
Medium risk	3.25 (1.40–7.54)	0.006	3.67 (1.43–9.44)	0.007
High risk	4.39 (1.82–10.6)	0.001	4.57 (1.73–12.1)	0.002

Abbreviations: CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.

^*Age, gender, CEA levels, tumor differentiation, stage, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, lymph node involvement, and genetic risk classification by Wnt pathway gene polymorphisms were included in the multivariate analysis.

P<0.05 are in boldface.