Table 1. Assignment of Nosema species to life cycle groups based on transmission and sexuality.

Group	Parasite	Host(s)
1: No unikaryotic phase (putatively asexual). No horizontal transmission.	Nosema granulosis	Gammarus duebeni
2: No unikaryotic phase (putatively asexual). Horizontal transmission.	Nosema bombycis	Bombyx mori
		Trichoplusia ni
		Tyria jacobaeae
	Nosema apis	Apis mellifera
	Nosema lymantriae	Lymantria dispar
3. Unikaryotic phase (putatively sexual). Horizontal transmission.	Vairimorpha cheracis	Cherax destructor
	Vairimorpha disparis	Lymantria dispar
	Vairimorpha necatrix	Lacanobia oleracea