Table 8. Moderator Analyses for Meta-Analytic Mean PSI and PSS:NICU Scores.

					95% CI
Moderator	Range	Scale	k (n)	β	Lower	Upper	Qbetween	PQ	R2
Birth Weight	1257–2009 g	PSI Life Stress	5 (415)	−0.01	−0.01	−0.00	144.53	<.001	.00
	960–1811 g	PSS:NICU Parental Role Alterationc	10 (513)	−0.00	−0.00	0.00	2.72	.099	.22
Gestational Age	29.1–33.7 wk	PSI Life Stress	5 (415)	−1.35	−2.53	−0.17	5.04	.025	.74
% Males	45–61%	PSI Role Restriction	8 (630)	−0.09	−0.20	0.02	2.82	.093	.42
Child Agea	1–96 mo	PSI Distractibility/Hyperactivity	25 (674)	−0.02	−0.05	0.00	2.96	.085	.43
	1–96 mo	PSI Acceptability	25 (674)	0.02	0.00	0.05	3.93	.047	.59
	1–96 mo	PSI Health	24 (615)	−0.02	−0.03	−0.00	6.96	.008	.00
Maternal Age	26–31 y	PSI Isolation	7 (521)	−0.34	−0.72	0.04	3.00	.083	.01
	26–31 y	PSI Health	7 (506)	−0.23	−0.49	0.04	2.88	.090	.67
	18–32 y	PSS:NICU Sights and Soundsc	10 (513)	−0.04	−0.07	0.00	3.22	.073	.00
	18–32 y	PSS:NICU Parental Role Alterationc	10 (513)	−0.11	−0.21	−0.02	5.57	.018	.36
Birth Year	1982–2001	PSI Demandingness	9 (689)	−0.22	−0.43	0.00	3.73	.054	.35
	1982–2001	PSI Mood	9 (674)	−0.08	−0.18	0.01	2.86	.091	.24
	1982–2001	PSI Acceptability	9 (674)	−0.17	−0.37	0.03	2.85	.091	.25
	1982–2001	PSI Competence	9 (745)	−0.29	−0.60	0.01	3.50	.061	.33
	1988–2001	PSI Isolation	8 (630)	−0.11	−0.19	−0.03	6.91	.009	.63
	1988–2001	PSI Role Restriction	8 (630)	−0.10	−0.20	−0.00	4.08	.043	.54
	1988–2001	PSI Depression	8 (630)	−0.28	−0.54	−0.03	4.65	.031	.48
Study Design	Descriptive - Intervention	PSS:NICU Total Scoreb	9 (718)	−0.75	−1.41	−0.09	4.94	.026	.51

^aFor the moderator Child Age, subgroups are not aggregated within studies and k represents the number of subgroups.

^bMetric 1.

^cMetric 2.