Table 3. Present value of damage to commercial forestry operations in New Zealand due to the spread of Thaumetopoea pityocampa over 30 years.

Spread Scenario	Present value of impacts (NZ$M)			Present Value of treatment costs (NZ$M)			Present value of impacts and control costs (NZ$M)
	5%	Median	95%	5%	Median	95%	5%	Median	95%
No control	1550	2098	2560	–	–	–	1550	2098	2560
Little control	884	1441	1920	132	215	287	1016	1657	2207
Good control	27	58	113	4	9	17	31	67	129

Values are discounted at 7% and accumulated over the 30 year period. 5%, median and 95% are results for different quantiles in the stochastic spread simulations.