Table 4.
Parameter Estimates (Standard Errors) for Adopted (Best Fitting) Static-Risk Models.
| Math Achievement | Reading Achievement | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed Effects | Fixed Effects | |||||
| Risk | Intercept | Linear Slope | Quadratic Trajectory | Intercept | Linear Slope | Quadratic Trajectory |
| HHM vs. General | 9.60 (0.39) | 0.54 (0.27) | 0.09 (0.05) | 14.24 (0.48) | −0.57 (0.32) | 0.05 (0.06) |
| HHM vs. Reduced | 5.70(0.56) | −0.16 (0.40) | 0.09 (0.08) | 8.16(0.71) | −0.74 (0.46) | 0.12 (0.08) |
| HHM vs. Free | 2.80(0.31) | −0.06 (0.22) | −0.01 (0.04) | 4.13 (0.39) | −0.09 (0.25) | −0.04 (0.04) |
| Free vs. Generala | 6.80 (0.28) | 0.60 (0.20) | 0.10 (0.04) | 10.11 (0.36) | −0.48 (0.23) | 0.09 (0.04) |
| Free vs. Reduceda | 2.90 (0.50) | −0.10(0.35) | 0.09 (0.07) | 4.04 (0.63) | −0.65 (0.41) | 0.16 (0.08) |
| Reduced vs. Generala | 3.90 (0.51) | 0.70 (0.36) | 0.00 (0.07) | 6.08 (0.65) | 0.18 (0.41) | −0.07 (0.08) |
| Ethnicity (White vs. …) | ||||||
| American Indian | −6.66 (0.49) | −0.03 (0.34) | −0.08 (0.07) | −7.98 (0.61) | 0.04 (0.39) | 0.02 (0.07) |
| African American | −8.61 (0.29) | −0.61 (0.20) | −0.07 (0.04) | −9.46 (0.36) | 0.05 (0.23) | −0.04 (0.04) |
| Asian | −3.06 (0.42) | 0.24 (0.29) | 0.01 (0.06) | −4.10 (0.53) | −0.09 (0.33) | 0.06 (0.06) |
| Hispanic | −5.13 (0.38) | 0.45 (0.26) | −0.20 (0.05) | −7.13 (0.48) | 0.94 (0.30) | −0.12 (0.06) |
| Sex (Male vs. Female) | −1.31(0.19) | −0.32 (0.13) | 0.03 (0.03) | 1.72 (0.23) | −0.43 (0.15) | 0.06 (0.03) |
| ELL (No vs. Yes) | −6.21(0.31) | −0.99 (0.22) | 0.15 (0.04) | −12.22 (0.39) | 0.61(0.25) | 0.02 (0.05) |
| Special Ed. (No vs. Yes) | −8.98 (0.24) | −0.92 (0.17) | −0.05 (0.03) | −15.15(0.31) | −0.35 (0.19) | 0.15 (0.04) |
| Attendanceb | 37.50 (2.48) | −2.79 (1.83) | 1.32 (0.34) | 33.29 (3.08) | −4.94 (2.08) | 1.03 (0.37) |
| Reference | 159.06(2.32) | 13.53(1.72) | −2.01 (0.32) | 156.93 (2.89) | 14.57 (1.96) | −1.74(0.35) |
| Variance Components | Variance Components | |||||
| Intercept (Std.Dev) | 111.82 (10.57) | 191.41 (13.84) | ||||
| Linear Slope (Std.Dev) | 8.55(2.92) | 17.78 (4.22) | ||||
| Quadratic Slope (Std.Dev) | 0.23 (0.48) | 0.42 (0.65) | ||||
| Intercept, Quadratic Slope Covar. | 0.01 | 0.12 | ||||
| σ2 | 28.75 (5.36) | 32.98 (5.74) | ||||
| Model Fit | Model Fit | |||||
| Akaike Information Criterion | 446,121 | 457,672 | ||||
Notes. HHM = Homeless/Highly Mobile. ELL = Qualified for English Language Learner services.
a
Parameters based on follow-up tests.
b
Attendance was continuous.