Table 2. Observed, counterfactual, and averted deaths in 2009.

Sex	Age (years)	Observed deaths	Counterfactual deaths (95% UI)		Averted deaths (95% UI)
			Overall social sector expenditure	Poverty	Overall social sector expenditure	Poverty
boys	<1	664,441	663,536 (525,847 – 875,148)	956,089 (743,058 – 1,305,265)	0 (0 – 77,258)	291,648 (192,599 – 450,952)
girls	<1	648,552	694,762 (554,677 – 909,632)	834,714 (654,699 – 1,097,702)	46,210 (0 – 147,538)	186,162 (100,372 – 306,422)
boys	1 to 4	140,848	260,655 (190,800 – 372,618)	173,579 (120,313 – 265,790)	119,807 (53,409 – 214,662)	32,731 (2,285 – 89,345)
girls	1 to 4	197,638	291,675 (188,903 – 447,380)	300,144 (177,411 – 520,209)	94,037 (14,725 – 206,684)	102,506 (35,118 – 231,906)

Counterfactual and averted deaths are estimated for the scenarios in which overall social sector expenditure and poverty rates would have remained at their 1997 levels. (UI  =  uncertainty interval)