Table 1. Participants Characteristics and categories of Visual Impairment.
| All participants (n = 2848) | No Visual Impairment (n = 2448) | Moderate Visual Impairment * (n = 269) | Blindness# (n = 131) | Any Visual Impairment ## (n = 400) | Adjusted Odds ratio (95% CI) | |
| Age Group (yrs) | ||||||
| 40–49 | 1101 | 1065 (96.7) | 28 (2.5) | 8 (0.7) | 36 (3.3) | 1.0 |
| 50–59 | 800 | 718 (89.8) | 61 (7.6) | 21 (2.6) | 82 (10.3) | 3.5 (2.3–5.2) |
| 60–69 | 612 | 471 (77.0) | 89 (14.5) | 52 (8.5) | 141 (23.0) | 8.7 (5.9–12.7) |
| 70 and above | 335 | 194 (57.9) | 91 (27.2) | 50 (14.9) | 141 (42.1) | 22.4 (15.0–33.5) |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 1283 | 1127 (87.8) | 105 (8.2) | 51 (4.9) | 156 (13.1) | 1.0 |
| Female | 1565 | 1321 (84.4) | 164 (10.5) | 80 (5.1) | 244 (15.6) | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) |
| Education Level | ||||||
| No formal education | 1465 | 1202 (82.0) | 174 (11.9) | 89 (6.1) | 263 (18.0) | 1.0 |
| Any education | 1383 | 1246 (90.1) | 95 (6.9) | 42 (3.0) | 137 (9.9) | 1.7 (1.3–2.2) |
*
Moderate Visual Impairment is defined as presenting visual acuity worse than 6/18 to 6/60 in the better eye.
#
Blindness is defined as presenting visual acuity worse than 6/60 in the better eye.
##
Any visual impairment includes both the blindness and moderate visual impairment; Visual impairment categorized as yes or no.