Table 2. Maternal and cord amino acid concentration.
| Uninfected (n = 31) | PM without IV (n = 11) | PM with IV (n = 28) | ||||
| Maternal levels | Cord levels | Maternal levels | Cord levels | Maternal levels | Cord levels | |
| (µM) | (µM) | (µM) | (µM) | (µM) | (µM) | |
| Non essential AA | ||||||
| Alanine | 387.19BBB | 584.66BB | 319.62 | 510.25 | 295.14 | 464.59 |
| (301.2–438.72) | (458.74–685.69) | (250.66–354.37) | (478.85–754.49) | (213.38–358.48) | (396.84–557.17) | |
| Arginine | 23.9 | 48.39 | 24.55 | 48.3 | 28.28 | 47.79 |
| (19.83–39.85) | (33.48–69.61) | (14.87–26.59) | (30.83–79.52) | (20.46–38.63) | (38.15–59.75) | |
| Asparagine | 25.66AA | 51.01A | 29.17 | 55.78 | 24.97 | 52.01 |
| (21.34–28.84) | (44.4–57.45) | (23.85–33.47) | (42.41–97.69) | (20.26–33.09) | (45.07–68.58) | |
| Aspartic acid | 7.82AA,BB | 30.74AA | 9.97 | 35.46C | 9.32 | 29.05 |
| (4.91–8.98) | (15.32–37.41) | (9.26–12.12) | (17.74–128.17) | (7.89–13.3) | (13.91–54.83) | |
| Cystine | 5.8AA | 24.05 | 9.69C | 24.38 | 6.87 | 21.07 |
| (4.35–8.08) | (18.49–34.12) | (8.15–14.99) | (16.33–40.88) | (4.33–9.53) | (17.02–27.61) | |
| Glutamic acid | 57.23 | 180.16AA | 63.07 | 253.06C | 47.75 | 153.32 |
| (44.86–78.64) | (126.76–233.05) | (46.3–79.45) | (116.1–603.27) | (41.56–72.26) | (113.26–243.11) | |
| Glutamine | 373.47 | 587.38 | 400.77 | 529.58 | 376.39 | 551.4 |
| (314.88–452.59) | (515.16–663.18) | (340.06–442.36) | (500–754.6) | (304.86–468.22) | (486.81–686.83) | |
| Glycine | 130 | 264.17A | 125.43 | 313.28 | 118.76 | 283.75 |
| (98.37–148.81) | (240.36–328.57) | (107.69–143.34) | (236.6–399.44) | (96.48–135.31) | (233.35–350.15) | |
| Proline | 136.16 | 200.91 | 146.15 | 236.93 | 150.53 | 218.55 |
| (116.3–160.3) | (178.81–230.77) | (132.4–189.45) | (169.67–269.92) | (122.2–174.31) | (184.3–276.45) | |
| Serine | 72.81 | 139.12 | 77.09 | 135.57 | 75.53 | 128.23 |
| (60.88–87.44) | (123.79–163.95) | (63.16–89.33) | (117.59–217.13) | (62.53–87.69) | (118.49–160.1) | |
| Tyrosine | 36.56 | 78.75 | 36.8 | 73.05 | 35.23 | 70.84 |
| (32.92–43.1) | (68.12–86.43) | (30.8–44) | (65.96–96.54) | (30.34–42.56) | (59.06–85.63) | |
| Essential AA | ||||||
| Histidine | 58.22 | 93.72 | 60.28 | 83.3 | 57.52 | 94.69 |
| (48.19–66.74) | (85.42–102.77) | (56.03–69.09) | (80.66–108.18) | (47.26–68.38) | (82.02–105.39) | |
| Isoleucine | 31.78 | 61.57 | 34.46 | 77.1 | 34.22 | 65.33 |
| (27.11–36.4) | (54.66–75.37) | (29.19–39.11) | (50.01–83.8) | (26.8–42.53) | (51.87–78.01) | |
| Leucine | 62.19BB | 128.19AA,BB | 66.15 | 145.77 | 78.64 | 143.38 |
| (55.99–78.88) | (109.2–149.33) | (62.36–81.59) | (99.8–209.07) | (60.01–93.25) | (106.89–179.13) | |
| Lysine | 74.96 | 242.63 | 78.24 | 232.63 | 88 | 266.57 |
| (64.46–92.91) | (210.63–281.02) | (61.61–117.25) | (183.25–294.91) | (69.21–114.05) | (186.11–311.82) | |
| Methionine | 18.14 | 34.73B | 16.45 | 36.6C | 18.55 | 30.67 |
| (14.56–23) | (29.37–38.73) | (14.73–23.92) | (30.28–41.8) | (14.31–22.05) | (26.58–37.47) | |
| Phenylalanine | 37.78BBB | 83.98AA,BBB | 39.42 | 91.58 | 47.72 | 92.39 |
| (35.11–44.69) | (72.29–89.41) | (35.72–53.66) | (77.14–122.06) | (39.37–59.26) | (79.22–115.6) | |
| Threonine | 93.89 | 176.51 | 107.22 | 176.59 | 101.9 | 180.12 |
| (73.61–111.96) | (147.92–198.51) | (88.14–121) | (155.41–221.22) | (78.83–117.47) | (146.41–207.05) | |
| Tryptophan | 4.13AAA | 5.53AAA | 6.47 | 9.66CCC | 5.32 | 6.08 |
| (2.81–6.16) | (4.09–7.72) | (3.81–12.78) | (6.75–15.51) | (3.78–8.1) | (4.21–7.65) | |
| Valine | 93.51BBB | 194.54BBB | 102.62 | 232.04 | 114.8 | 217.62 |
| (84.33–101.04) | (168.31–216.49) | (80.17–127.46) | (157.56–234.44) | (93.84–136.63) | (186.64–261.6) | |
| Total AA | 1744.68 | 3263.84A | 1741.41 | 3353.38 | 1806.95 | 3128.61 |
| (1478.9–1917.1) | (2872.7–3625) | (1566.2–2043.2) | (2692.9–4092.5) | (1441.8–1965.5) | (2828.7–4026.6) | |
Free amino acid concentration was quantified (in duplicate) in paired maternal and cord blood samples and expressed as median (interquartile range). PM: Placental malaria; IV: intervillositis. Key to statistical analysis:
A
= Uninfected versus PM without IV;
B
= Uninfected versus PM with IV;
C
= PM without IV versus PM with IV. One symbol = 0.05<p≤0.1; two symbols = 0.01<p≤0.05; three symbols = p≤0.01.