| Copepod (Macrocyclops) |
Success of challenge infection with tapeworm strain suggests immune specificity and memory |
Kurtz and Franz, Nature 2003 [1]
|
| Water flea (Daphnia) |
Previous exposure confers protection from bacterial pathogen challenge and maternal transfer of protection |
McTaggart et al., Biology Letters 2012 [2]; Little et al., Current Biology 2003 [3]
|
| Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) |
Specific protection upon secondary exposure to congeneric bacterial pathogens |
Sadd et al., Current Biology 2006 [4]
|
| Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) |
VLRs rearrange humoral and cell-mediated (thymic) adaptive immune repertoires |
Pancer et al., Nature 2004 [7]; Guo et al., Nature 2009 [24]; Bajoghli et al., Nature 2011 [25]
|
| Sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) |
Explosion of hundreds of TLR/NLR gene variants |
Rast et al., Science 2006 [11]
|
| Dipteran flies (Drosophila, Anopheles) |
Dscam mutually exclusive alternative splicing for large hemocyte receptor repertoire |
Watson et al., Science 2005 [13]; Dong et al., PLoS Biology 2006 [14]
|
| Plants (Arabidosis thaliana) |
Plant R genes encode many genes that convey plant resistance to particular pathogens, often using leucine rich repeat domains (like TLR, VLR) |
Jones and Dangl, Nature 2006 [26]
|
| Snail (Biomphalaria glabrata) |
Snail fibrinogen-related proteins (FREPs) are somatically diversified IgSF proteins that defend against schistosomes |
Zhang et al., Science 2004 [27]
|
| Sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) |
Sp185/333 large family (∼50) of genes encode phagocyte receptors for bacteria that are diversified by unresolved mechanism |
Smith, Frontiers in Immunology 2012 [28]
|
| Tunicate (Ciona intestinalis) |
Primitive chordates employ polygenic, highly polymorphic IgSF Variable Domain Chitin-binding Proteins (VCBPs) for mucosal immunity |
Dishaw et al., PNAS 2011 [29]
|
| Bacteria and archaea (Escherichia coli) |
CRISPR loci capture viral DNA to direct future sequence-specific immune response against bacteriophages |
Wiedenheft et al., Nature 2012 [16]; Barrangou et al., Science 2007 [17]
|
