Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics
| Non-ICU cases n = 166 | ICU cases n = 43 | Total n = 209 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± standard deviation | 53 ± 15 | 52 ± 15 | 53 ± 15 |
| Male | 91 (55) | 26 (60) | 117 (56) |
| Foreign-born | 33 (20) | 6 (14) | 39 (19) |
| Comorbid conditions | |||
| Current smoking | 85 (51) | 23 (53) | 108 (52) |
| Alcohol abuse | 41 (25) | 13 (30) | 54 (26) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 31 (19) | 15 (35) | 46 (22) |
| COPD | 30 (18) | 5 (12) | 35 (17) |
| Asthma | 26 (16) | 4 (9) | 30 (14) |
| Prior pneumonia | 24 (14) | 4 (9) | 28 (13) |
| Cardiovascular diseasea | 20 (12) | 6 (14) | 26 (12) |
| HIV infection | 11 (7) | 1 (2) | 12 (6) |
| Cirrhosis | 7 (4) | 3 (7) | 10 (5) |
| Injection drug use | 5 (3) | 3 (7) | 8 (4) |
| Failed outpatient antibiotic therapy | 17 (10) | 0 (0) | 17 (8) |
| CURB-65 score | |||
| 0 | 55 (33) | 4 (9) | 59 (28) |
| 1 | 67 (40) | 11 (26) | 78 (37) |
| 2 | 32 (19) | 12 (28) | 44 (21) |
| 3 | 11 (7) | 11 (26) | 22 (11) |
| 4 | 1 (1) | 5 (12) | 6 (3) |
| New oxygen requirementb | 87 (52) | 30 (70) | 117 (56) |
| CURB-65 score 0 or 1 AND absence of new oxygen requirement | 58 (35) | 3 (7) | 61 (29) |
| Hypotension requiring aggressive | 16 (10) | 20 (47) | 36 (17) |
| fluid resuscitation | |||
| Mechanical ventilation | 2 (1) | 13 (30) | 15 (7) |
| Septic shock | 2 (1) | 13 (30) | 15 (7) |
| Multilobar infiltrate | 68 (41) | 22 (51) | 90 (43) |
| Bacteremia | 9 (5) | 12 (28) | 21 (10) |
Data presented as n (%), unless otherwise noted.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
a
coronary artery disease or congestive heart failure
b
pulse oximetry measurement less than 90% on room air or at baseline oxygen requirement for those on chronic supplemental oxygen