Table 1.
Characteristics of study population including completers and dropouts at baseline
| Characteristics | Retained study population (n = 135) | Dropouts (n = 32) | p value for heterogeneity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics1 | |||
| Gender | |||
| Male/female | 81/54 (60/40) | 16/16 (50/50) | 0.303 |
| Age, years1 | 70.1 ± 12.8 | 74.7 ± 12.3 | 0.019 |
| Marital status | |||
| Married/living together | 93 (68.9) | 17 (53.1) | 0.091 |
| Single/divorced/widowed | 42 (31.1) | 15 (46.9) | |
| Education | |||
| Primary school or less | 54 (40.0) | 15 (46.9) | 0.478 |
| Secondary school/high school/university | 81 (60.0) | 17 (53.1) | |
| Work situation | |||
| Retired | 108 (80.0) | 26 (81.2) | 0.873 |
| Medical history (prestroke)1 | |||
| Cardiovascular disease | 72 (53.3) | 18 (56.3) | 0.766 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 30 (22.2) | 13 (40.6) | 0.032 |
| Hypertension | 92 (68.1) | 22 (68.8) | 0.948 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 51 (37.8) | 16 (50.0) | 0.205 |
| Diabetes | 22 (16.3) | 7 (21.9) | 0.454 |
| Other neurological conditions | 7 (5.2) | 3 (9.4) | 0.406 |
| Depression | 27 (20.0) | 10 (31.3) | 0.168 |
| Previous smoker | 31 (23.0) | 8 (26.7) | 0.666 |
| Current smoker | 42 (31.1) | 5 (16.7) | 0.113 |
| Alcohol consumption | |||
| Male (≥21 u/week)/female (≥14 u/week) | 13 (9.6) | 3 (10.0) | 1.000 |
| Medication use baseline1 | |||
| Hypnotics/sedatives/anxiolytics | 29 (21.5) | 11 (34.4) | 0.124 |
| Antidepressants | 15 (11.1) | 5 (15.6) | 0.544 |
| Stroke severity1 | |||
| NIHSS | 6.1 ± 6.0 | 11.8 ± 9.1 | 0.003 |
| Functional impairment1 | |||
| FIM | |||
| Total | 90.2 ± 35.4 | 66.8 ± 40.9 | 0.002 |
| Motor | 62.3 ± 27.9 | 43.5 ± 31.1 | 0.001 |
| Cognitive | 28.0 ± 9.6 | 23.3 ± 11.2 | 0.018 |
| Level of independence1 | |||
| BI | 65.7 ± 36.8 | 39.5 ± 41.1 | 0.001 |
| Neurocognitive outcome measure1 | |||
| Aphasia | n = 119 | n = 28 | |
| 24 (20.2) |
5 (17.9) |
0.782 |
|
| Dysarthria | n = 118 | n = 27 | |
| 45 (38.1) |
16 (59.3) |
0.045 |
|
| Apraxia | n = 112 | n = 24 | |
| 21 (18.8) | 5 (20.8) | 0.780 | |
| Significant depressive symptoms prestroke1 | n = 120 | n = 29 | |
| CSD | 29 (24.2) | 6 (20.7) | 0.692 |
| Quality of life prestroke (SIS)2 | n = 55 | n = 19 | |
| Total | 94.6 ± 9.3 | 92.8 ± 9.9 | 0.505 |
| Mobility | 94.3 ± 11.2 | 88.2 ± 16.3 | 0.053 |
| Memory | 97.6 ± 10.6 | 98.7 ± 2.4 | 0.313 |
| Emotion | 89.5 ± 10.3 | 92.8 ± 10.9 | 0.099 |
| Communication | 98.2 ± 9.3 | 99.6 ± 1.6 | 0.601 |
| Activity | 95.2 ±13.1 | 91.0 ± 17.9 | 0.579 |
Data are given as means ± SD or as numbers with percentages in parentheses, unless otherwise indicated.
1
χ2 or Fisher's exact test (with expected counts <5) for discontinuous variables was used.
2
Student's t test (independent) for continuous variables or the Mann-Whitney U rank sum test in case of a non-normal distribution or small numbers was used. u = Units.