Table 3.
|
Overall improvement |
Pain |
Function |
Stiffness |
Satisfaction |
|||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
E1/E2 | Association individual studies | Quality score | N | Overall association | E1/E2 | Association individual studies | Quality score | N | Overall association | E1/E2 | Association individual studies | Quality score | N | Overall association | E1/E2 | Association individual studies | Quality score | N | Overall association | E1/E2 | Association individual studies | Quality score | N | Overall association | ||
Unadjusted associations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 6 weeks |
|
|
|
|
|
E2 |
r=−0.08 [36] |
53% |
100 |
O |
E2 |
r=−0.05 [36] |
53% |
100 |
O |
E1 |
r=0.165 ‡ [16]hips |
39% |
106 |
0 |
E1 |
OR=1.176 (ns)∫ [31] |
61% |
45 |
O |
|
>6 weeks – ≤6 months |
E2 |
r=0.13 [30] |
79% |
123 |
O |
E1 |
r=0.118* [16]hips |
39% |
106 |
+− |
E1 |
r=0.170†[16]hips |
39% |
106 |
+− |
|
r=−0.024 ‡ [16]knees |
39% |
106 |
|
|
OR=0.593 (ns)# [31] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
r=0.24 [32] |
74% |
272 |
|
|
r=0.188* [16]knees |
39% |
106 |
|
|
r=−0.208†[16]knees |
39% |
106 |
|
|
ns [15] |
58% |
222 |
|
OR=1.000 (ns)∞ [31] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
p=0.001 [14] |
58% |
2350 |
|
|
p<0.001 [14] |
58% |
2350 |
|
|
p=0.46 [17] |
74% |
788 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
p<0.05 [15] |
58% |
222 |
|
|
ns [15] |
58% |
222 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
p=0.62 [17] |
74% |
788 |
|
|
p=0.90 [17] |
74% |
788 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E2 |
r=−0.12 [32] |
74% |
272 |
|
E2 |
r=0.19 [30] |
79% |
123 |
O |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
r=−0.19 [32] |
74% |
272 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
> 6 months |
E1 |
r=0.24 [27] |
58% |
146 |
+− |
E1 |
p=0.012 [14] |
58% |
2350 |
+ |
E1 |
r=−0.547 [37] |
6% |
1302 |
+− |
E1 |
OR= 1.23 (p<0.001) [34] |
63% |
1327 |
+ |
E1 |
r=−0.03 [24] |
50% |
44 |
+− |
|
|
|
p=0.70 ∏ [35] |
50% |
799 |
|
|
OR=1.17 (p<0.001) [34] |
63% |
1327 |
|
|
p<0.001 [14] |
58% |
350 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
r=0.274 ∫[27] |
58% |
146 |
|
|
|
|
p=0.013 Ω [35] |
50% |
799 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
p<0.001 [28] |
44% |
102 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
r=0.262#[27] |
58% |
146 |
|
||
|
|
OR=1.36 (=0.013) [34] |
63% |
1327 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OR=1.25 (p<0.001) [34] |
63% |
1327 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
r=0.102§ [27] |
58% |
146 |
|
|
Adjusted associations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
p=0.171 ∫ [35] |
50% |
799 |
|
|
≤ 6 weeks |
E1 |
β0.23 (p0.10) [33] |
68% |
51 |
O |
|
|
|
|
|
E1 |
β 0.23 (p=0.11) [33] |
68% |
51 |
O |
|
|
|
|
|
|
p=0.013 # [35] |
50% |
799 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E2 |
β 0.151 (ns) [36] |
53% |
100 |
O |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
>6 weeks – ≤6 months |
E1 |
β-0.107(ns) [25] |
58% |
78 |
O |
E1 |
β0.364 (p<.01)* [25] |
58% |
78 |
+− |
E1 |
β 0.081 (ns) [25] |
58% |
78 |
+− |
E1 |
ns [15] |
58% |
222 |
O |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
β7.8 (p<.01) [15] |
58% |
222 |
|
|
ns [15] |
58% |
222 |
|
|
ns [17] |
74% |
788 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ns [17] |
74% |
788 |
|
|
β 8.10 (p<0.01)∞ [15] |
58% |
222 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E2 |
β0.09 (ns) [30] |
79% |
123 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ns § [17] |
74% |
788 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
β-0.193 (ns) [25] |
|
78 |
|
E2 |
β-0.388 (p<.01)†[25] |
58% |
78 |
+− |
E2 |
β0.18 [30] |
78% |
123 |
+− |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ns [32] |
58% |
272 |
|
|
OR=0.80§ [29] |
68% |
157 |
|
|
β-0.337 (p<0.05) [25] |
58% |
78 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
74% |
|
|
|
ns [32] |
74% |
272 |
|
|
ns § [29] |
68% |
157 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ns [32] |
74% |
272 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
> 6 months |
E1 |
ns [27] |
58% |
146 |
+− |
E1 |
p<0.001‡ [14] |
58% |
2350 |
+− |
E1 |
p>0.05‡ [14] |
58% |
2350 |
+− |
E1 |
OR= 1.21 (p=0.003) [34] |
63% |
1327 |
+ |
E1 |
ns [26] |
53% |
598 |
O |
|
|
|
OR=1.34 (p = 0.04) [34] |
63% |
1327 |
|
|
p<0.05 [26] |
52% |
598 |
|
|
ns [26] |
52% |
598 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ns ∫ [27] |
58% |
146 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ns [17] |
74% |
788 |
|
|
ns [17] |
74% |
788 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ns #[27] |
58% |
146 |
|
|
OR=1.14 (p=0.049) [34] | 63% | 1327 | OR=1.20 (p<0.001) [34] | 63% | 1327 | ns § [27] | 58% | 146 |
E1 outcome expectations, E2 efficacy expectations, ns= non significant, + positive association between expectations and outcome (the higher the expectations the better the outcome), - negative association between expectations and outcome (the higher the expectations the worse the outcome), O no association between expectations and outcome, +− unclear association between expectations and outcomes, ∏ association between expectations about pain and overall improvement, Ω association between expectations about function and overall improvement *correlation between importance of expectations and WOMAC pain change score between baseline and 6 months after surgery, †correlation between importance of expectations and WOMAC function change score between baseline and 6 months after surgery, ‡correlation between importance of expectations and WOMAC stiffness change score between baseline and 6 months after surgery, ∫ association between expectations about pain and satisfaction, # association between expectations about functional limitations and satisfaction, § association between expectations about recovery time and satisfaction, ∞ association between expectations about overall success and satisfaction.