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. 2013 Feb 8;8(2):e55289. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055289

Figure 3. Combined effect of gemcitabine or ionizong radiation and GSK3β inhibitor against cancer cells and xenografts.

Figure 3

(A) The influence of AR-A014418 on the effect of gemcitabine was analyzed using the isobologram [21] by plotting the IC50 of the combination therapy (Fig. S2, Table S4). (B) The combined effect of ionizing radiation and AR-A014418 was tested in PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 cells by colony formation assay. *p<0.05, statistically significant difference between cells treated with DMSO or AR-A014418. (C) The combined effect of gemcitabine and AR-A014418 was tested in PANC-1 xenografts. Athymic mice with PANC-1 xenograft were assigned to four groups for treatment with intraperitoneal injection (twice a week) of DMSO (control; 8 mice), gemcitabine (GEM; 20 mg/kg body weight; 9 mice) and AR-A014418 (AR; 2 mg/kg body weight; 8 mice), alone or in combination (GEM+AR; 9 mice). At the time after treatment for 10 weeks, tumor volume (cm3) was calculated using the formula 0.5×S2×L, where S is the smallest tumor diameter (cm) and L is the largest (cm) [10], [12]. The mean tumor volume was compared between the 4 groups. *p<0.05, statistically significant difference between data.