Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants with coronary heart disease, by elevated depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale score ≥ 4)
| No Elevated Depressive Symptoms (n=4038) | Elevated Depressive Symptoms (n=638) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Demographics | |||
|
| |||
| Age, Mean (SD), y | 68.9 (8.8) | 65.5 (9.5) | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Male (%) | 63.1% | 43.3% | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Black (%) | 32.5% | 49.2% | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| High school graduate, (%) | 85.3% | 71.3% | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Income < $20,000, (%) | 20.8% | 47.0% | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Body mass index, Mean (SD) | 29.2 (5.8) | 30.7 (6.8) | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Comorbidities (%) | |||
|
| |||
| Hypertension | 71.3% | 80.1% | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Myocardial infarction* | 71.4% | 73.5% | 0.260 |
|
| |||
| Stroke* | 11.2% | 17.1% | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Diabetes Mellitus | 31.8% | 41.5% | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Medication use (%) | |||
|
| |||
| Aspirin | 70.2% | 67.1% | 0.110 |
|
| |||
| Beta blocker | 47.1% | 50.9% | 0.073 |
|
| |||
| Thienopyridine | 15.1% | 18.8% | 0.015 |
|
| |||
| Ace-inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker | 50.5% | 52.4% | 0.384 |
|
| |||
| Statin | 59.6% | 51.3% | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Antidepressants | 13.0% | 30.9% | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Behavioral risk factors (%) | |||
|
| |||
| Alcohol use, | |||
| None | 63.7% | 73.7% | <0.001 |
| Light to moderate | 33.2% | 23.5% | |
| High | 3.1% | 2.8% | |
|
| |||
| Current smoking | 13.8% | 27.6% | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Physical inactivity | |||
| None | 36.1% | 51.9% | <0.001 |
| 1+ times per week | 63.9% | 48.1% | |
|
| |||
| Morisky scale for medication non-adherence | |||
| 0 (best adherence) | 69.0% | 58.8% | <0.001 |
| 1 | 24.3% | 26.7% | |
| 2 | 4.4% | 8.7% | |
| 3 or 4 (worst adherence) | 2.3% | 5.8% | |
*
history of myocardial infarction and stroke as identified by self-report