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. 2013 Jan 22;110(6):2270–2275. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1206048110

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.

IL-1β and IL-23 contribute synergistically to IL-17 production. (A) Purified CD4+ T cells were cultured under Th17-polarizing conditions for 5 d. Cells were harvested before restimulation (0 h) or after 6 h with plate-bound anti-CD3. The amounts of Il17a, Il17f, Il22, Il21, Il2, and Il10 mRNA were quantified by qRT-PCR. (B) CD4+ T cells were cultured with the indicated cytokines or media (Med) for 3 or 5 d. Culture supernatants were collected, and IL-17A production was assessed by ELISA. *P < 0.05. NS, not significant. (C and D) Cells were cultured with the indicated cytokines for 3 or 5 d. qRT-PCR was performed to measure the levels of Il17a and Il17f (C) and of Ahr, Batf, Socs3, Runx1, Rora, and Il23r (D). *P < 0.05, WT vs. Myd88−/− cells. After normalization to Actb, mRNA levels in fresh isolated CD4+ T cells (day 0) were used as a control to compare expression levels. Results are representative of three independent experiments.