Table 1.

Patient characteristics by outcome group.

	Controls (N=56,751)	ICU Transfer (N=2,638)	Cardiac Arrest (N=109)	Mortality (N=291)
Age, mean (SD), years	54 (18)^b,^c,^d	60 (16)^a,^c,^d	64 (17)^a,^b	66 (13)^a,^b
Female sex	32,189 (57%)^b	1,290 (50%)^a	64 (59%)	126 (53%)
Race	^b,^c,^d	^a	^a,^d	^a,^c
Black	24,639 (43%)	1,148 (44%)	68 (62%)	114 (49%)
White	20,250 (36%)	1,053 (40%)	24 (22%)	104 (36%)
Other	1,461 (3%)	96 (4%)	3 (3%)	10 (3%)
Unknown	10,401 (18%)	641 (13%)	14 (13%)	33 (11%)
Surgical patient^e	19,127 (34%)^b,^d	1,118 (43%)^a,^d	36 (33%)^d	45 (19%)^a,^b,^c
Length of stay, median (IQR), days	3 (1–5)^b,^c,^d	12 (7–21)^a,^c,^d	11 (4–25)^a,^b,^d	5 (3–9)^a,^b,^c
RRT call during study period	154 (0%)^b,^c,^d	358 (14%)^a	19 (17%)^a	32 (13%)^a
Survived to discharge	56,751 (100%)^b,^c,^d	2,104 (81%)^a,^c,^d	30 (28%)^a,^b,^d	0 (0%)^a,^b,^c

Abbreviations: ICU, intensive care unit; SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range. All results are shown as n (%) unless otherwise indicated. Controls are patients discharged without experiencing a cardiac arrest, ICU transfer, or death. N refers to number of patients in each group.

P-value <0.05 for comparison to controls.

P-value <0.05 for comparison to ICU transfer patients.

P-value<0.05 for comparison to cardiac arrest patients.

P-value<0.05 for comparison to mortality patients.

Surgical patients are patients who went to the operating room during their admission.