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Structures of c-di-GMP analogs. (a) Base modified c-di-GMP analogs. Guanine was replaced with inosine, adenosine, or N1-methyl guanosine as indicated by X1 and X2. (b) Ribose and phosphate modified analogs. Modifications made to the ribose rings are indicated by X1 and X2 and those made to the phosphate linkages are indicated by X3 and X4.
