Correlation of overall patient survival with B7-H1 expression in melanomas. (A) There was no significant difference in survival related to melanoma cell B7-H1 expression in 43 patients with primary invasive melanomas (P = 0.33). (B) However, among 56 patients with metastatic disease, those whose metastatic tumors expressed B7-H1 had significantly improved survival compared to the B7-H1− cohort (P = 0.032). Similar results were seen in analyzing the AIS, representing B7-H1 expression in lymphohistiocytic tumor infiltrates, as well as in analyzing the presence of TILs (mild, moderate, and severe lymphocyte infiltrates with associated histiocytes/macrophages). (C and E) No correlation of AIS or TILs was observed with survival in patients with invasive primary melanomas [P = 0.25 (C) and 0.32 (E)]. (D and F) However, there was a significant correlation in patients with metastatic disease [P = 0.014 (D) and 0.017 (F)]. B7-H1+, ≥5% of tumor cells with membranous expression; B7-H1−, <5% membranous tumor cell expression.