Fig 2.

(a and b) Shannon diversity indexes of actinobacterial (a) and fungal (b) functional genes of soil microbial communities at each site, A to D. (c and d) Functional richness, determined by the average sum of the gene variants detected in actinobacteria (c) and fungi (d). Open bars represent ambient N deposition (Amb); closed bars represent experimental N deposition (Ndep). The diversity of functional genes decreased under experimental deposition in actinobacteria (P = 0.035) and fungi (P = 0.017). Richness declined under experimental N deposition in actinobacteria (P = 0.026) and fungi (P = 0.018). Site effects and site × treatment interactions were present in all analyses. **, significant protected Fisher's LSD, P < 0.015; *, P < 0.035. The error bars indicate standard error.