Table 3:

Complications and charges

Complications and charges	Most-undersized group	Best-matched group	Most-oversized group
Number of patients	10	10	10
Postoperative characteristics
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
Re-exploration	1(10%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
Primary graft dysfunction (≥grade 3)	2(20%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
Duration of mechanical ventilation (h), median (IQR)	37.5 (25–131)	28 (20–39)	35 (29–44)
Reintubation	2 (20%)	0 (0%)	1 (10%)
Tracheostomy	4 (40%)*	0 (0%)*	1 (10%)
Acute rejection during index hospitalization	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
Occurrence of acute rejection	4 (40%)	4 (40%)	3 (30%)
Persistent atelectasis	1 (10%)	1 (10%)	1 (10%)
Pleural complications	3 (30%)	3 (30%)	5 (50%)
Pneumothorax	2 (20%)	2 (20%)	4 (40%)
Pleural effusion	2 (20%)	1 (10%)	1 (10%)
Empyema	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
Infection	6 (60%)	6 (60%)	7 (70%)
Creatinine first 7 days, mean (SD)	1.76 (0.55)	1.50 (0.32)	1.88 (1.05)
Acute kidney injury	7 (70%)	7 (70%)	8 (80%)
Renal replacement therapy	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	1 (10%)
Length of stay (LOS) and re-admissions
LOS ICU (days), median (IQR)	4 (2–7.5)	2.0 (2–4)	2.5 (2–5)
LOS index hospitalization (days), median (IQR)	26 (13.5–37.8)	14 (10–22)	15 (11–24)
Re-admissions during first year, median (IQR)	3 (1–5)	3.5 (1–5)	3 (1–3)
Hospitalization charges
Index hospital charges (USD), median (IQR)	$204 666 ($161 393–$278 504)	$147 863 ($134 300–$171 439)	$162 134 ($134 494–191 109)
One year without index hospital charges, median (IQR)	$52 935 ($29 157–$227 175)*	$65 458 ($37 445–$118 591)**	$27 671 ($2 826–$41 581)***
Total 1-year hospital charges, median (IQR)	$249 936 ($203 827–$330 406)	$233 411 ($186 609–$286 982)	$178 368 ($157 692–226 763)

*Significant (P < 0.05) difference between most-undersized and best-matched cohort.

**Significant (P < 0.05) difference between most-oversized and best-matched cohort.

***Significant (P < 0.05) difference between most-undersized and most-oversized cohort.

IQR: interquartile range.