Table 2.

Clinical manifestations, disease activity and outcome measures by age groups.

Features	<40 years (n=22)	40–59 years (n=91)	≥60 years (n=101)	p-value
Joint deformities/contractures, %	22.7	49.5	70.3	< 0.001
Radiographic evidence of joint damage,%	36.4	47.3	57.4	0.131
Joint replacement surgeries, %	13.6	14.3	22.0	0.328
Overall extra-articular manifestations, %	31.8	62.6	73.3	0.001
Ocular	9.1	31.9	35.6	0.051
Pulmonary	4.5	6.6	8.9	0.713
Cardiac	4.5	1.1	1.0	0.415
Neurologic	4.5	12.1	24.8	0.017
Subcutaneous nodules	13.6	34.1	32.7	0.165
Elevated ESR, %	81.0	92.2	3.7 (1.6)	0.276
Disease activity (DAS-28), mean (SD)	2.9 (1.8)	3.7 (1.7)	3.7 (1.6)	0.102
Rheumatoid factor, % positive	52.4	52.9	57.1	0.752
Exacerbations, mean (SD)	1.23 (1.34)	3.11 (3.26)	3.00 (3.51)	0.045
Hospitalizations, mean (SD)	0.05 (0.21)	0.07 (0.29)	0.09 (0.40)	0.812
Functional status (HAQ), mean (SD)	0.81 (0.78)	1.12 (0.78)	1.13 (0.88)	0.261

ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, SD: Standard deviation, DAS: Disease Activity Score, HAQ: Health Assessment Questionnaire