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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Feb 11.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurosurg. 2012 Nov 30;118(2):465–477. doi: 10.3171/2012.10.JNS111836

TABLE 2. Summary of the modified Voetsch neuroscores.

Test Score
3 2 1 0
head movement (spontaneous) moves in all dimensions prefers 1 side only to 1 side flexed to 1 side
lethargy (confrontation) fully responsive moderately responsive minimally responsive coma
hearing (auditory startle) finger rub snap of fingers loud clap no startle
pain reflex (ear pinch) brisk & symmetrical reaction slightly diminished or asymmetri-
 cal reaction
greatly diminished & asymmetri-
 cal reaction
no reaction
corneal reflex (sensorimotor)
proprioception (vibrissae)
sensation (neck)
exploration (5 mins in cage) reaches 2 walls reaches 1 wall moves along base no movement
circling (craniocaudal) bilat turns prefers 1 side only to 1 side falls to 1 side
sensation (axial) brisk & symmetrical reaction slightly diminished or asymmetri-
 cal reaction
greatly diminished & asymmetri-
 cal
no reaction
4-limb movement (outstretch) equal bilat slight asymmetry great asymmetry paresis
forelimb movement (outstretch)
climbing (motor function) climbs to top impaired climbing stationary grip falls immediately
beam (motor function) explores both ends some movement