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. 2013 Feb 4;171(3):283–297. doi: 10.1111/cei.12015

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Effect of a single administration of adenoviruses encoding granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (AdGM-CSF) on the cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene transcription in the murine model of progressive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). (a) Groups of mice infected by the intratracheal (i.t.) route with a high dose of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) to induce progressive TB were treated 1 day before with AdGM-CSF (black symbols) or Addl70-3 (white symbols), and their lungs were used to isolate total RNA and quantify the expression of the indicated cytokines by real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). Animals treated with AdGM-CSF showed a higher expression of cytokines and iNOS. Results are expressed as means ± standard deviation (s.d.) of two independent experiments with five mice per group; *P < 0·05. Representative immunohistochemistry of GM-CSF cellular detection in treated animals with AdGM-CSF or Add170-3 at different time-points in bronchial epithelium (b), alveolar–capillary interstitium (c) and granulomas (d); more immunostained cells are observed in animals treated with AdGM-CSF, the strongest being labelled the airways epithelium; scale bar represents 20 μm (439 × 475 mm; 200 × 200 DPI).