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. 2013 Jan 9;5(2):309–325. doi: 10.1002/emmm.201201546

Figure 4. PolyQ-huntingtin promotes mammary cancer cell motility, resistance to cell death and distal metastases in the lung.

Figure 4

  1. Random migration assays of PyVT/HdhQ7/Q7 (HdhQ7/Q7) or PyVT/HdhQ111/Q111 (HdhQ111/Q111) cells (3 independent primary cultures; at least 100 cells recorded). ***p-value < 0.0001.
  2. Boyden chambers assays for PyVT/HdhQ7/Q7 and PyVT/HdhQ111/Q111 cells (at least four independent primary cultures in duplicate per genotype). ***p-value < 0.0001.
  3. Boyden chambers with matrigel invasion assays for PyVT/HdhQ7/Q7 and PyVT/HdhQ111/Q111 cells (at least seven independent primary cultures in duplicate per genotype). Representative micrographs of invasion filter membranes after violet staining (t = 48 h) are shown. ***p-value < 0.0001.
  4. PyVT/HdhQ7/Q7 and PyVT/HdhQ111/Q111 cells were cultured in suspension, stained for annexin V and propidium iodide, and analysed by a flow cytometry analysis (four independent experiment, at least four independent primary cultures per genotype). Live, apoptotic and dead cell populations are quantified (live cells, p-value = 0.0099; apoptotic cells, p-value = 0.0835; dead cells, p-value = 0.0169).
  5. Lungs from 12 weeks MMTV-PyVT/HdhQ7/Q7 and MMTV-PyVT/HdhQ111/Q111 mice are immunostained with anti-PyVT antibodies. The mean number of metastatic lesions per section is shown (n = 5 lungs per genotype; **p-value = 0.0060).
  6. Lungs from mice grafted with MMTV-PyVT/HdhQ7/Q7 and MMTV-PyVT/HdhQ111/Q111 tumours immunostained with anti-PyVT antibodies. The mean number of metastatic lesions per section is shown (MMTV-PyVT/HdhQ7/Q7: n = 5 lungs; MMTV-PyVT/HdhQ111/Q111; n = 4 lungs; *p-value = 0.0266). A second experiment gave similar results.