. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Feb 12.

Published in final edited form as: B E J Econom Anal Policy. 2011 Sep 6;11(3):2521. doi: 10.2202/1935-1682.2521

Table 4.

Birth Weight, Childhood Family Income, and Educational Attainment

	Dependent variable:
	High school dropout (Estimation: Linear probability model)					Years of education

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
Low birth weight	0.0570^*** (0.0202)	0.0671^*** (0.0215)	0.0479^* (0.0259)	0.0629^*** (0.0211)	0.0472^* (0.0259)	−0.1073 (0.1221)
Family income-to needs ratio at ages 13–16, spline:
Income-to-needs ratio^* ratio is <1				−0.1582^*** (0.0389)	−0.0339 (0.0609)	0.2399 (0.2870)
Income-to-needs ratio^* ratio is 1 to 2				−0.1058^*** (0.0200)	−0.0097 (0.0317)	−0.2222 (0.1492)
Income-to-needs ratio^* ratio >2 to 3				−0.0755^*** (0.0189)	0.0090 (0.0299)	0.2399^* (0.1410)
Income-to-needs ratio^* ratio is >3				−0.0037 (0.0048)	0.0052 (0.0112)	−0.0277 (0.0526)
Constant	0.0867^*** (0.0232)	0.0824^*** (0.0253)	0.1427^*** (0.0331)	0.3368^*** (0.0402)	0.1749^*** (0.0618)	12.8611^*** (0.2914)

Full or Sibling Sample?	Full	Sibling	Sibling	Sibling	Sibling	Sibling
Sibling fixed effects?	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Number of families	2,094	1,655	1,655	1,655	1,655	1,655
Number of individuals	5,817	5,160	5,160	5,160	5,160	5,160

Sample includes men and women. Standard errors in parentheses.

significant at 10%;

^**

significant at 5%;

^***

significant at 1%.

All models also include controls for gender, race, birth order, mother’s age at birth, whether born into a two-parent family, birth year cohort dummy indicators (5-yr intervals), and the set of parental fertility timing preference variables.