Table 1. Potential thioredoxin target proteins of plant mitochondria identified by affinity chromatography.
| Protein | Spinach | Pea | Potato | Cys* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Photorespiration | ||||
| Glycine cleavage system H protein | ++ | ++ | ++ | 5 |
| Glycine cleavage system P protein | ++ | ++ | ++ | 14 |
| Glycine cleavage system T protein | ++ | ++ | ++ | 5 |
| Serine hydroxymethyl transferase | ++ | ++ | ++ | 2 |
| Citric acid cycle-associated reactions | ||||
| Aconitase | ++ | ++ | 8 (4) | |
| Dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase | ++ | ++ | 5 (1) | |
| Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase | ++ | ++ | 5 (4) | |
| Isocitrate dehydrogenase | + | 6 (2) | ||
| Malate dehydrogenase | ++ | ++ | 3 (2) | |
| Malic enzyme | + | 2 (2) | ||
| Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1, alpha su | + | 5 (2) | ||
| Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1, beta su | ++ | ++ | ++ | 3 (0) |
| Succinate dehydrogenase (flavoprotein su) | ++ | ++ | 9 (5) | |
| Succinyl-CoA ligase, alpha su | + | 6 (6) | ||
| Succinyl-CoA ligase, beta su | ++ | ++ | ++ | 5 (3) |
| Lipid metabolism | ||||
| CoA-thioester hydrolase | + | 4 | ||
| Electron transport | ||||
| Cytochrome c oxidase su 5b | + | 3 (3) | ||
| Cytochrome c oxidase su 6b | + | 4 (4) | ||
| NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75-kDa su | + | 14 (13) | ||
| Ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase su II | + | 1 (0) | ||
| ATP synthesis/transformation | ||||
| Adenylate kinase | + | 4 (3) | ||
| ATP synthase, alpha su | ++ | ++ | 5 (3) | |
| ATP synthase, beta su | ++ | ++ | ++ | 1 (0) |
| ATP synthase, delta su | ++ | ++ | 0 | |
| Nucleoside diphosphate kinase | ++ | ++ | 1 (0) | |
| Membrane transport | ||||
| Porin (VDAC) | + | 1 | ||
| Translation | ||||
| Elongation factor Tu | ++ | ++ | 2 | |
| Protein assembly/folding | ||||
| Chaperonin HSP 60 | ++ | ++ | ++ | 4 |
| Dna-K molecular chaperone HSP 70 | ++ | ++ | ++ | 2 |
| Nitrogen metabolism | ||||
| Alanine aminotransferase | ++ | ++ | 8 | |
| Aspartate aminotransferase | + | 4 | ||
| Branched-chain keto acid decarboxylase E1, beta su | + | 8 | ||
| Glutamate dehydrogenase | + | 4 | ||
| Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase | + | 10 | ||
| Leucyl aminopeptidase | + | 3 | ||
| Methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase | + | 7 | ||
| Sulfur metabolism | ||||
| Cysteine synthase | ++ | ++ | ++ | 0 |
| Mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase | ++ | ++ | 3 | |
| Hormone synthesis | ||||
| Allene oxide cyclase | + | 1 | ||
| Stress-related reactions | ||||
| Alcohol dehydrogenase CPRD12 | + | 2 | ||
| Aldehyde dehydrogenase | ++ | ++ | ++ | 5 |
| Catalase | + | 7 | ||
| Formate dehydrogenase | ++ | ++ | ++ | 3 |
| Glutaredoxin-like protein | + | 1 | ||
| Peroxiredoxin | ++ | ++ | ++ | 2 |
| Phospholipid hydroperoxide GSH reductase | + | 3 | ||
| Superoxide dismutase Mn | ++ | ++ | ++ | 0 |
| Miscellaneous | ||||
| Hypothetical protein (29.8 kDa) | + | 2 | ||
| Hypothetical protein (36.2 kDa) | + | 2 | ||
| Putative protein At5g10860.1 | ++ | ++ | ++ | 1 |
++, Identification of target proteins in more than one mitochondrial preparation; +, the protein was detected in a single preparation. The SwissProt ID numbers for each protein is from the isoform with the best match. The ID number of the enzymes from top to bottom are P16048, P26969, P49364, P34899, Q8L784, Q8RWN9, P31023, Q7XK22, O48904, P37225, P52902, P52904, Q9ZPX5, P53586, Q8LAV0, Q9LKJ1, Q9LW15, Q9SXV0, Q43644, P29677, O82514, P05493, P17614, Q9SP13, P42056, Q9ZT91, Q05046, P37900, Q8GRN4, P46643, 082450, P93541, Q9FS87, O65557, Q9SI43, Q43153, O64530, Q9LEG5, P93697, P93344, P55312, Q9S7E4, Q8LBK6, Q9XGP1, O48646, O81233, Q94GV5, Q9SUK9, and Q9LEV3.
Number of conserved cysteines in plant proteins. Numbers in parentheses represent conserved cysteines common to plant and animal enzymes. Members of each group have their own invariant cysteines