Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 May 15.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Space Res. 2012 Feb 27;49(10):1441–1455. doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2012.02.021

Table 3.

Biologic function classification of bone marrow derived macrophages gene regulation due to spaceflight.

Biological function categoriesa Lower p-valueb
(×10−6)		 Upper p-valueb
(×10−6)		 Number of
genes		 Number of genes
upregulatedc 		Number of genes
downregulatedc
Inflammatory response 0.34 46 300 100 32 68
Carbohydrate metabolism 46.8 44 300 44 6 38
Molecular transport 56.7 44 300 82 19 63
Small molecule biochemistry 56.7 44 300 102 21 81
Cell death 64.5 47 300 81 21 60
Hematological system development and
 function		 87.9 47 700 118 38 80
Hematopoiesis 87.9 47 900 76 23 53
Organismal development 87.9 43 200 72 22 50
Tissue development 87.9 46 300 108 37 71
Cellular compromise 212 46 100 43 14 29
Cardiovascular system development and
 function		 239 43 200 79 25 54
Cellular development 245 47 900 141 39 103
Cellular growth and proliferation 378 47 300 137 45 92
Humoral immune response 378 39 600 43 11 32
Organismal survival 385 7710 56 18 38
Developmental disorder 591 21 300 17 1 16
Genetic disorder 591 21 300 34 8 26
Metabolic disease 591 23 200 16 1 15
Cell-to-cell signaling and interaction 654 46 100 60 17 43
Gastrointestinal disease 671 28 000 20 6 14
Inflammatory disease 671 35 700 17 7 10
Cellular movement 701 47 700 96 27 69
Immune cell trafficking 701 47 700 65 18 47
Embryonic development 824 37 600 39 9 30
Lipid metabolism 824 44 300 72 12 60
Cell cycle 949 42 500 23 8 15
Antimicrobial response 959 21 400 12 3 9
Hematological disease 1170 34 800 32 11 21
Organ development 1240 39 600 46 14 32
Cellular assembly and organization 1410 42 500 66 22 44
Cellular function and maintenance 1410 47 800 95 25 70
Tissue morphology 1850 39 600 110 36 74
Organismal injury and abnormalities 2000 44 300 35 9 26
Antigen presentation 2260 46 300 36 9 27
Cell-mediated immune response 2260 21 800 24 6 18
Lymphoid tissue structure and development 2260 46 300 54 10 44
Cell morphology 3960 35 700 33 7 26
Connective tissue development and function 3960 39 600 41 10 31
Connective tissue disorders 3960 34 800 6 0 6
Digestive system development and function 3960 11 400 4 2 2
Drug metabolism 3960 34 800 9 2 7
Endocrine system development and function 3960 11 400 4 2 2
Hepatic system development and function 3960 11 400 7 2 5
Hypersensitivity response 3960 41 800 7 2 5
Nervous system development and function 3960 44 300 23 8 15
Neurological disease 3960 28 700 11 4 7
Nucleic acid metabolism 3960 34 800 4 1 3
Organ morphology 3960 44 300 40 10 30
Skeletal and muscular disorders 3960 21 800 14 0 14
Skeletal and muscular system development
 and function		 3960 34 800 34 14 20
Cancer 4310 47 900 68 20 48
Respiratory disease 4770 44 300 12 4 8
Visual system development and function 5140 39 600 12 2 10
Free radical scavenging 7060 46 300 19 5 14
Dermatological diseases and conditions 7190 43 900 21 8 13
Immunological disease 7190 34 800 23 7 16
Reproductive system development and
 function		 7780 44 300 18 7 11
Cardiovascular disease 8570 47 900 33 8 25
Endocrine system disorders 9400 47 900 14 1 13
Organismal functions 10 000 32 900 7 2 5
Hair and skin development and function 11 400 11 400 2 1 1
Hepatic system disease 11 400 11 400 2 1 1
Reproductive system disease 11 400 28 000 9 1 8
Infectious disease 12 300 35 700 22 6 16
Protein synthesis 12 400 21 800 18 2 16
Cell signaling 15 700 33 500 10 1 9
Amino acid metabolism 21 400 33 700 11 4 7
Gene expression 21 500 21 500 54 24 30
Auditory disease 21 800 28 700 7 3 4
Ophthalmic disease 21 800 21 800 2 0 2
Protein trafficking 21 800 21 800 2 1 1
Nutritional disease 33 500 33 500 9 2 7
Post-translational modification 33 500 33 500 9 1 8
Behavior 33 700 33 700 6 1 5
DNA replication, recombination, and repair 34 800 42 500 9 6 3
Renal and urological system development and
 function		 34 800 34 800 2 0 2
Vitamin and mineral metabolism 34 800 34 800 2 0 2
a

Total number of unique genes with transcript levels at significantly higher concentration than ground control samples (FDR value at 0.05 and 1.5 fold change). The input for the IPA analysis was upregulated genes 607 and downregulated genes 1071 genes.

b

Gene expression data and IPA analysis was subjected to FDR (Benjamini-Holchberg) correction. P-value ranges reflect the chance genes have been randomly assigned to a specific biological function category using IPA software.

c

Genes may have been assigned to more than one category based on biological function classification. The unique upregulated genes were 130 and downregulated genes were 267 which were classified in the biological functional categories.