Table 3.
Validity variable1 (# of items) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Domain Scale1 | Elicitation (5) Let patient say what was important, heard patient’s concerns and took them seriously, made them feel comfortable enough to ask questions and share their opinions | Respect (2) Respectful of patient as a person and an equal | Decision making (2) Asked about patient’s preferences for helping decide treatment, worked out treatment plan together | Explained results (2) Explained results of tests and physical exams | Patient satisfaction (1) Rating of quality of care received |
Cultural sensitivity scales – general | |||||
Sensitivity to cultural beliefs and practices | |||||
Complementary and alternative medicine (+) | 0.19 | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.13 | 0.23 |
Mind–body connections (+) | 0.37 | 0.14 | 0.41 | 0.27 | 0.31 |
Causal attribution of health problem (+) | 0.62 | 0.28 | 0.50 | 0.45 | 0.44 |
Preventive care (+) | 0.56 | 0.29 | 0.51 | 0.41 | 0.37 |
Family involvement (+) | 0.21 | 0.07* | 0.34 | 0.18 | 0.17 |
Modesty (+) | 0.63 | 0.27 | 0.50 | 0.43 | 0.43 |
Use of prescription medications (+) | 0.27 | 0.09* | 0.35 | 0.19 | 0.21 |
Spirituality (+) | 0.05* | −0.09 | 0.14 | 0.09* | 0.07* |
Discrimination | |||||
Discrimination due to education (−) | −0.14 | −0.25 | −0.05* | −0.14 | −0.10 |
Discrimination due to race/ethnicity (−) | −0.35 | −0.38 | −0.15 | −0.32 | −0.24 |
Staff discrimination due to race/ethnicity(−) | −0.27 | −0.38 | −0.16 | −0.23 | −0.17 |
Cultural sensitivity scales – group specific | |||||
For limited English proficient persons2 | |||||
Sensitivity to language needs (+) | 0.22 | −0.06* | 0.29 | 0.16 | 0.02* |
Discrimination due to language needs (−) | −0.28 | −0.28 | −0.17 | −0.23 | −0.14 |
For recent immigrants3 | |||||
Sensitivity to immigrant status (+) | 0.06* | −0.10* | 0.15 | 0.05* | −0.01* |
*Correlation was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).
1(+) indicates higher score = greater cultural sensitivity; (−) indicates higher score = less cultural sensitivity; higher score on validity variables indicates higher quality of care; response options for all items except patient satisfaction were never, rarely, sometimes, usually, always; response options for patient satisfaction were poor, fair, good, very good, excellent.
2Scored only for those with limited English proficiency (N = 273).
3Scored only for those who have lived in U.S. for 10 years or less (N = 76).