Table 2.
Association of individual and neighbourhood characteristics with leisure-time walking and cycling
| % N |
Odds Ratio (95% CI) Model 3a |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Leisure-time walking | Leisure-time cycling | ||
|
Individual characteristics |
|
|
|
|
Age (years) |
49 ± 17 |
1.01 (1.01 – 1.01)* |
1.00 (1.00 – 1.00) |
|
Gender |
|
|
|
| Men |
47.2% |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| Women |
52.8% |
1.46 (1.38 – 1.55)* |
1.18 (1.12 – 1.25)* |
|
Ethnicity |
|
|
|
| Native (Dutch) |
87.1% |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| Non-native, Western |
6.4% |
1.19 (1.06 – 1.35)* |
0.84 (0.75 – 0.95)* |
| Non-native, non-Western |
3.5% |
1.16 (0.99 – 1.37) |
0.54 (0.45 – 0.63)* |
| Non-native, origin unknown |
2.9% |
0.90 (0.76 – 1.06) |
0.68 (0.58 – 0.81)* |
|
Household composition |
|
|
|
| Married/partner, no children |
37.8% |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| Married/partner with child(ren) |
39.9% |
0.93 (0.87 – 1.01) |
0.94 (0.87 – 1.01) |
| Single, no children |
17.2% |
0.74 (0.68 – 0.81)* |
0.77 (0.71 – 0.84)* |
| Single with child(ren) |
4.4% |
0.70 (0.60 – 0.81)* |
0.75 (0.65 – 0.87)* |
| Unknown |
0.8% |
0.59 (0.43 – 0.80)* |
0.77 (0.56 – 1.06) |
|
Education |
|
|
|
| Tertiary education |
26.3% |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| Secondary education: upper level |
35.5% |
0.73 (0.67 – 0.79)* |
0.79 (0.74 – 0.86)* |
| Secondary education: mid level |
8.5% |
0.65 (0.58 – 0.73)* |
0.73 (0.65 – 0.82)* |
| Secondary education: lower level |
14.8% |
0.58 (0.52 – 0.64)* |
0.73 (0.66 – 0.81)* |
| Primary education |
14.6% |
0.42 (0.38 – 0.47)* |
0.48 (0.43 – 0.53)* |
| Unknown |
0.3% |
1.08 (0.61 – 1.91) |
0.63 (0.38 – 1.06) |
|
Household income (€) |
|
|
|
| >29.900 |
20.9% |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| 23.600 – 29.900 |
20.5% |
1.02 (0.93 – 1.12) |
1.04 (0.95 – 1.14) |
| 19.200 – 23.600 |
20.1% |
1.00 (0.91 – 1.10) |
1.15 (1.04 – 1.26)* |
| 15.200 – 19.200 |
19.8% |
1.03 (0.93 – 1.13) |
1.21 (1.09 – 1.33)* |
| <15.200 |
17.8% |
0.95 (0.85 – 1.05) |
1.11 (0.99 – 1.23) |
| Unknown |
1.1% |
0.93 (0.70 – 1.25) |
1.06 (0.79 – 1.41) |
|
Household wealth (€) |
|
|
|
| >293.469 |
15.1% |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| 148.000 – 293.469 |
15.0% |
0.97 (0.87 – 1.09) |
0.97 (0.87 – 1.08) |
| 39.047 – 148.000 |
14.5% |
1.02 (0.92 – 1.14) |
0.87 (0.78 – 0.97)* |
| 3.362 – 39.047 |
13.6% |
0.89 (0.80 – 1.00) |
0.71 (0.63 – 0.79)* |
| <3.362 |
12.2% |
1.00 (0.89 – 1.13) |
0.70 (0.62 – 0.79)* |
| Unknown |
29.6% |
1.02 (0.92 – 1.13) |
0.83 (0.75 – 0.91)* |
|
Neighbourhood characteristics | |||
|
Population density |
|
|
|
| Very dense |
16.5% |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| Dense |
27.6% |
0.92 (0.84 – 1.01) |
0.99 (0.90 – 1.09) |
| Moderately dense |
21.8% |
0.97 (0.88 – 1.08) |
1.03 (0.93 – 1.14) |
| Slightly dense |
23.2% |
0.99 (0.89 – 1.10) |
1.04 (0.94 – 1.16) |
| Not dense | 10.9% | 1.03 (0.91 – 1.17) | 0.97 (0.85 – 1.10) |
*p≤0,05.
aAdjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, household composition, education, household income, household wealth, population density.