Table 3.
Relationship of socio-demographic variables and social-psychological factors with the mothers’ HPV vaccination intention
| Variables |
Univariate simple regression analysis among 75% of the mothers (n = 732) |
Multivariate backward regression analysis among 75% of the mothers (n = 727) |
Multivariate backward regression analysis among 25% of the mothers (n = 219) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (standard deviation) or percentage | Association1 | Beta (standard error) | Standardized Beta | Beta (standard error) | Standardized Beta | |
|
HPV vaccination uptake |
|
.48** |
0.48 (0.10) |
.11** |
0.57 (0.19) |
.13* |
| Has not received three HPV-injections (reference) |
54% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Has received three HPV-injections |
46% |
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sample |
|
.00 |
−0.01 (0.07) |
0.00 |
0.15 (0.14) |
.04 |
| Praeventis (reference) |
47% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Online panel |
53% |
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Socio-demographic variables |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Age |
43.51 (4.54) |
.00 |
−0.01 (0.01) |
-.02 |
0.00 (0.01) |
.01 |
| Highest completed level of education mother |
|
.00 |
|
|
|
|
| Low (reference) |
25% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Intermediate |
45% |
|
0.08 (0.08) |
.02 |
−0.02 (0.17) |
-.00 |
| High |
30% |
|
0.13 (0.09) |
.03 |
0.27 (0.18) |
.06 |
| Country of birth mother |
|
.00 |
|
|
|
|
| The Netherlands (reference) |
88% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Surinam/Antilles |
4% |
|
−0.22 (0.18) |
-.02 |
0.42 (0.32) |
.04 |
| Turkey/Morocco |
4% |
|
−0.51 (0.18) |
-.05* |
0.18 (0.32) |
.02 |
| Other |
3% |
|
−0.30 (0.18) |
-.03 |
0.10 (0.41) |
.01 |
| Protestant religion |
|
.02** |
|
|
|
|
| No (reference) |
77% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
23% |
|
−0.08 (0.08) |
-.02 |
−0.05 (0.15) |
-.01 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Social psychological variables |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Knowledge about the HPV vaccination |
4.82 (2.42) |
.00 |
|
|
|
|
| Risk perception (having received no HPV vaccination) |
−0.61 (1.21) |
.20** |
|
|
|
|
| Risk perception (having received the HPV vaccination) |
−1.22 (1.09) |
.01 |
|
|
|
|
| Attitude towards the HPV vaccination |
2.78 (6.93) |
.76** |
0.12 (0.01) |
.39** |
0.13 (0.02) |
.42** |
| Negative outcome expectations of the HPV vaccination |
7.24 (4.56) |
.14** |
|
|
|
|
| Positive outcome expectations of the HPV vaccination |
−3.44 (3.86) |
.10** |
|
|
|
|
| Anticipated regret about rejecting the HPV vaccination |
3.27 (1.44) |
.46** |
0.20 (0.03) |
.13** |
|
|
| Anticipated regret about receiving the vaccination |
3.38 (1.39) |
.06** |
−0.08 (0.03) |
-.05* |
|
|
| Beliefs about the HPV vaccination |
1.42 (9.92) |
.60** |
0.03 (0.01) |
.14** |
0.03 (0.01) |
.12* |
| Relative effectiveness of the HPV vaccination |
−0.61 (1.20) |
.54** |
|
|
|
|
| Ambivalence towards the HPV vaccination decision |
0.36 (5.30) |
.01* |
|
|
|
|
| Confidence in authorities involved in the HPV vaccination |
1.60 (3.49) |
.42** |
|
|
|
|
| Subjective norms towards the HPV vaccination |
16.81 (23.57) |
.67** |
0.02 (0.00) |
.19** |
0.02 (0.01) |
.20** |
| Descriptive norms towards the HPV vaccination |
4.53 (1.34) |
.15** |
|
|
|
|
| Self-efficacy expectations towards the HPV vaccination |
11.87 (4.66) |
.01 |
|
|
|
|
| HPV vaccination information processing |
3.79 (2.40) |
.06** |
|
|
|
|
| Habit strength towards the HPV vaccination |
−0.81 (3.64) |
.41** |
0.07 (0.02) |
.11** |
0.12 (0.03) |
.19** |
| Decisional conflict about the HPV vaccination – value clarity |
3.03 (4.29) |
.00 |
|
|
|
|
| Decisional conflict about the HPV vaccination – certainty |
2.00 (4.69) |
.02** |
−0.05 (.01) |
-.10** |
−0.07 (0.02) |
-.15** |
| Opinion about alternative medicine |
−0.43 (2.37) |
.02* |
|
|
|
|
| Past experience of the mother with cervical cancer |
|
.00 |
|
|
|
|
| No (reference) |
98% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
2% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Past experience of the mother with other cancer forms |
|
.00 |
|
|
|
|
| No (reference) |
97% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
3% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Past experience of the mother with abnormal pap smear |
|
.00 |
|
|
|
|
| No (reference) |
87% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
13% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Past experience of someone from the close environment with cervical cancer |
|
.00 |
|
|
|
|
| No (reference) |
67% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
33% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Past experience of someone from the close environment with other cancer forms |
|
.00 |
|
|
|
|
| No (reference) |
10% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
90% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Past experience of someone from the close environment with abnormal pap smear |
|
0.00 |
|
|
|
|
| No (reference) |
50% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
50% |
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Model fit for multivariate models |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| R2 of HPV vaccination uptake |
|
|
|
.47 |
|
.48 |
| R2 change of HPV vaccination uptake |
|
|
|
.47 |
|
.48 |
| F change of HPV vaccination uptake |
|
|
|
653.97** |
|
198.23** |
| R2 of HPV vaccination uptake + sample |
|
|
|
.47 |
|
.48 |
| R2 change of HPV vaccination uptake + sample |
|
|
|
.00 |
|
.00 |
| F change of HPV vaccination uptake + sample |
|
|
|
0.04 |
|
0.36 |
| R2 of HPV vaccination uptake + sample + socio-demographic variables |
|
|
|
.49 |
|
.50 |
| R2 change of HPV vaccination uptake + sample + socio-demographic variables |
|
|
|
.01 |
|
.02 |
| F change of HPV vaccination uptake + sample + socio-demographic variables |
|
|
|
2.82* |
|
1.37 |
| R2 of HPV vaccination uptake + sample + socio-demographic + social-psychological variables |
|
|
|
.84 |
|
.81 |
| R2 change of HPV vaccination uptake + sample + socio-demographic + social-psychological variables |
|
|
|
.35 |
|
.31 |
| F change of HPV vaccination uptake + sample + socio-demographic + social-psychological variables | 218.92** | 66.04** | ||||
Notes 1) R**2; Mothers received questions about the HPV vaccination of their daughter, whereas daughters answered questions about the HPV vaccination of themselves; *p < .01; **p < .001.