Table 2.
Mean (95% CI)
|
Between-Group Differences
|
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Primary Outcomes | Structural Massage | Relaxation Massage | Usual Care | Omnibus p-value‡ | Structural-Usual Care | Relaxation-Usual Care | Structural-Relaxation |
Adjusted analysis§
| |||||||
Roland Disability Questionnaire | |||||||
10 weeks | 6.5 (5.8, 7.2) | 6 (5.3, 6.8) | 9 (8.2, 9.8) | <0.001 | -2.5 (-3.5, -1.4) | -2.9 (-4, -1.8) | 0.5 (-0.5, 1.5) |
26 weeks | 6.7 (6, 7.5) | 6.4 (5.5, 7.2) | 8.2 (7.3, 9) | 0.007 | -1.4 (-2.6, -0.3) | -1.8 (-3, -0.6) | 0.4 (-0.8, 1.5) |
52 weeks | 7.2 (6.4, 7.9) | 6 (5.2, 6.9) | 7.4 (6.6, 8.3) | 0.049 | -0.3 (-1.4, 0.9) | -1.4 (-2.6, -0.2) | 1.1 (0.02, 2.2) |
Bothersomeness | |||||||
10 weeks | 3.8 (3.5, 4.2) | 3.5 (3.2, 3.9) | 5.2 (4.8, 5.6) | <.001 | -1.4 (-1.9, -0.8) | -1.7 (-2.2, -1.2) | 0.3 (-0.2, 0.8) |
26 weeks | 4.2 (3.9, 4.5) | 4.3 (3.9, 4.7) | 4.6 (4.2, 5) | 0.31 | -- | -- | -- |
52 weeks | 4.6 (4.2, 5) | 3.9 (3.5, 4.3) | 4.2 (3.8, 4.6) | 0.097 | -- | -- | -- |
Wald p-value.
Estimates adjusted for baseline value of outcome, age group, sex, baseline Roland Disability Questionnaire and bothersomeness score, education, body mass index, physical work demands, original cause of pain, days cut down on usual activities and medication use.
Note: Between group comparisons were only calculated if the omnibus p-value was <0.05 following the Least Significant Difference approach to control for multiple comparisons.