Table 3.

Multiple hierarchical linear regression analysis showing blocks of predictors of mothers’ general psychological distress (K10 scores)

	B	SE B	Beta	R2 change	Adj. R2
1. Socio-demographic characteristics
Mountainous area	−2.63	0.92	−0.22**	0.08***	0.08***
(Combined earner and carer)##	1.92	0.92	0.16*
2. Child's disability				ns	ns
3. Extroversion
Mountainous area	−3.18	0.87	−0.27***	0.04**	0.09***
Being ‘reserved’	−0.69	0.27	−0.19**
4. Frequency of participation
Mountainous area	−3.72	0.83	−0.31***	0.21***	0.27***
Being ‘reserved’	−0.60	0.26	−0.16*
Immediate household	1.72	0.88	0.14*
Extended family	1.06	0.51	0.17*
Friends	−1.37	0.50	−0.24**
Neighbours	−1.28	0.41	−0.24**
Workmates	1.00	0.34	0.22**
Adult learning	−2.77	1.08	−0.20**
Activism	3.16	0.91	0.26**
Political protest	2.68	1.20	0.18*
5. Breadth of participation				ns	ns
6. Perceptions of participation				ns	ns
7. Social cohesion
Mountainous area	−3.45	0.83	−0.29***	0.02*	0.29***
Being ‘reserved’	−0.59	0.26	−0.16*
Immediate household	1.80	0.87	0.15*
Extended family	1.07	0.50	0.18*
Friends	−1.34	0.49	−0.23**
Neighbours	−1.14	0.41	−0.22**
Workmates	0.85	0.35	0.19*
Adult learning	−2.72	1.06	−0.20**
Activism	3.03	0.90	0.25***
Political protest	2.49	1.19	0.17*
World Values Survey trust	−1.78	0.83	−0.15*

^##Note: Predictor shows mediation effect later in the model (displayed in brackets).

^*p-value<.05

^**p-value<.01

^***p-value<.001; ‘ns’ means not significant.