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. 2013 Jan 30;2013:403251. doi: 10.1155/2013/403251

Table 5.

Aroma massage on sleep quality.

Time Aroma Placebo Control. F P
(n = 28) (n = 28) (n = 27)
Pre 51.0 ± 12.6 48.1 ± 15.8 55.6 ± 10.5 2.24 0.11
Post 58.1 ± 11.3a 46.5 ± 13.8b 50.3 ± 10.9b 6.75 0.002
Difference 7.1 ± 12.6a −1.6 ± 9.6b −5.3 ± 10.6b 9.32 <0.001

Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation.

Means for each group with different superscript (a, b, or c) indicate a significant difference (Tukey test; P < 0.05).