Table 3.
Moderating effects of the time frame on the relation between SWB and emotional stability, extraversion, income, and work-related life events (Study 1).
| Predictor | Life satisfaction
|
Positive affectivity
|
Depressed mood (reversed)
|
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | SE | t | p | b | SE | t | p | b | SE | t | p | |
| Emotional stability | ||||||||||||
| (Intercept) | 3.63 | 0.06 | 63.65 | <.001 | 3.44 | 0.06 | 58.95 | <.001 | 4.66 | 0.05 | 92.79 | <.001 |
| Emotional stability | 0.17 | 0.03 | 5.32 | <.001 | 0.14 | 0.03 | 3.94 | <.001 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 4.67 | <.001 |
| TF: General | 0.08 | 0.03 | 2.49 | .013 | ||||||||
| TF: last 2 months | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.83 | .405 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 1.16 | .245 | −0.38 | 0.03 | −13.20 | <.001 |
| TF: Last week | −0.24 | 0.04 | −6.79 | <.001 | −0.04 | 0.03 | −1.47 | .142 | ||||
| Emotional stability × TF: General | −0.05 | 0.03 | −1.39 | .165 | ||||||||
| Emotional stability × TF: last 2 months | 0.00 | 0.03 | −0.09 | .929 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 1.06 | .288 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 2.98 | .003 |
| Emotional stability × TF: last week | 0.05 | 0.04 | 1.44 | .151 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 1.01 | .312 | ||||
| Extraversion | ||||||||||||
| (Intercept) | 3.63 | 0.06 | 63.37 | <.001 | 3.43 | 0.05 | 64.40 | <.001 | 4.66 | 0.05 | 98.41 | <.001 |
| Extraversion | 0.24 | 0.04 | 6.56 | <.001 | 0.28 | 0.04 | 7.34 | <.001 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 2.00 | .046 |
| TF: General | 0.08 | 0.03 | 2.50 | .013 | ||||||||
| TF: last 2 months | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.80 | .424 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 1.23 | .220 | −0.38 | 0.03 | −12.98 | <.001 |
| TF: Last week | −0.23 | 0.04 | −6.58 | <.001 | −0.04 | 0.03 | −1.39 | .166 | ||||
| Extraversion × TF: General | −0.09 | 0.03 | −2.52 | .012 | ||||||||
| Extraversion × TF: last 2 months | 0.00 | 0.03 | −0.07 | .942 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 2.23 | .026 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 1.86 | .063 |
| Extraversion × TF: last week | 0.05 | 0.04 | 1.53 | .127 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.71 | .475 | ||||
| Income | ||||||||||||
| (Intercept) | 3.62 | 0.10 | 36.85 | <.001 | 3.43 | 0.07 | 46.28 | <.001 | 4.67 | 0.05 | 88.16 | <.001 |
| Income | 0.13 | 0.05 | 2.55 | .011 | 0.20 | 0.05 | 3.83 | <.001 | 0.11 | 0.04 | 2.76 | .006 |
| TF: General | 0.05 | 0.05 | 1.11 | .266 | ||||||||
| TF: last 2 months | 0.00 | 0.05 | −0.02 | .982 | 0.00 | 0.05 | 0.01 | .992 | −0.32 | 0.04 | −8.41 | <.001 |
| TF: Last week | −0.26 | 0.05 | −5.35 | <.001 | −0.02 | 0.04 | −0.54 | .586 | ||||
| Income × TF: General | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.60 | .549 | ||||||||
| Income × TF: last 2 months | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.88 | .378 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 1.52 | .129 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.44 | .657 |
| Income × TF: last week | 0.06 | 0.05 | 1.23 | .219 | 0.00 | 0.04 | −0.13 | .899 | ||||
| Work-related events | ||||||||||||
| (Intercept) | 3.65 | 0.06 | 57.08 | <.001 | 3.45 | 0.07 | 51.40 | <.001 | 4.65 | 0.05 | 96.94 | <.001 |
| Work-related events | −0.10 | 0.07 | −1.45 | .147 | −0.06 | 0.07 | −0.87 | .382 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 1.37 | .171 |
| TF: General | 0.08 | 0.04 | 2.15 | .031 | ||||||||
| TF: last 2 months | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.51 | .613 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.69 | .492 | −0.37 | 0.03 | −11.27 | <.001 |
| TF: Last week | −0.25 | 0.04 | −6.34 | <.001 | −0.04 | 0.03 | −1.11 | .266 | ||||
| Work-related events × TF: General | −0.03 | 0.08 | −0.41 | .680 | ||||||||
| Work-related events × TF: last 2 months | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.35 | .724 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.62 | .535 | −0.08 | 0.07 | −1.08 | .279 |
| Work-related events × TF: last week | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.78 | .435 | −0.03 | 0.07 | −0.49 | .625 | ||||
Notes. TF = time frame. For all outcomes, the reference time frame is “today”. Depressed mood was reversed such that higher scores reflect less depressed mood and higher SWB. Continuous predictors were mean-centered.