Table 11.
Adjusted Odds Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals for Dietary Glycemic Index, Body Mass Index, and Craniofacial Defects Using Spline Regression, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2007
| Defect | No.a | Cutoff | Low DGI, BMI <30 |
Low DGI, BMI ≥30 |
High DGI, BMI <30 |
High DGI, BMI ≥30 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | ORb | 95% CI | ORb | 95% CI | ORb | 95% CI | |||
| Anopthalmia/micropthalmia | 142 | 59 | 1.0 | Referent | 1.26 | 0.82, 1.96 | 1.01 | 0.52, 2.00 | 1.97 | 0.77, 5.07 |
| Cleft lip with cleft palate | 1,203 | 65 | 1.0 | Referent | 1.18 | 1.01, 1.38 | 1.74 | 0.55, 5.45 | 2.00 | 0.20, 20.57 |
| Glaucoma | 110 | 62 | 1.0 | Referent | 1.53 | 0.96, 2.41 | 2.90 | 0.86, 9.75 | N/C | |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; DGI, dietary glycemic index; N/C, not calculable; OR, odds ratio.
a Number of cases in adjusted regression model.
b Odds ratios adjusted for site, maternal age, maternal education, maternal race, and folic acid use in the month prior to or after conception.