. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Feb 13.

Published in final edited form as: Child Maltreat. 2010 May;15(2):111–120. doi: 10.1177/1077559509355316

Table 1.

Background Characteristics of the Maltreated Group and Matched Controls

	Full Sample (N = 807)			Matched Pairs (N = 358)
Background Characteristics	Abuse/Neglect	Control	Statistical Test	Abuse/Neglect	Control	Statistical Test
Female (%)	54.4	50.7	χ² = 1.06	54.7	54.7	–
Non-White (%)	39.1	37.2	χ² = 0.28	44.1	44.1	–
Age (2003–2004) [M (SD)]	41.3 (3.5)	41.1 (3.6)	t = 0.61	41.1 (3.6)	41.1 (3.6)	–
Parents received welfare/food stamps (%)	72.3	40.7	χ² = 81.45^***	69.3	36.9	χ² = 37.73^***
Ever attended Head Start (%)	13.1	9.2	χ² = 3.03^†	11.7	8.9	χ² = 0.754
Mother employed during childhood (%)	58.5	65.0	χ² = 3.56^†	57.5	67.6	χ² = 3.86^*
Mother's highest grade completed [M (SD)]	11.0 (2.2)	11.5 (2.4)	t = 3.05^**	10.7 (2.3)	11.6 (2.6)	t = 3.10^**

Note: t tests used for continuous variables. Chi-square (χ²) statistic used for dichotomous variables. Numbers in analyses vary due to missing information on some variables.

^†

p < .10.

p < .05.

^**

p < .01.

^***

p < .001.