Table 2.
Performance of the NICE traffic light system with and without urine analysis for detection of serious bacterial infections. Values are percentages (95% confidence intervals)
| Illness (n=3653) | Traffic light only (amber or red positive) | Traffic light with urine analysis† | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leukocyte esterase or nitrite positive | Leukocyte esterase positive | Nitrite positive | Leukocyte esterase and nitrite positive | ||
| Any serious bacterial infection*: | |||||
| Sensitivity | 80.7 (76.9 to 83.9) | 92.1 (89.3 to 94.1) | 91.3 (88.4 to 93.4) | 86.6 (83.3 to 89.3) | 85.8 (82.4 to 88.6) |
| Specificity | 25.0 (23.5 to 26.5) | 22.3 (20.9 to 23.8) | 22.5 (21.1 to 23.9) | 24.6 (23.1 to 26.1) | 24.8 (23.3 to 26.3) |
| Urinary tract infection: | |||||
| Sensitivity | 78.5 (73.9 to 82.4) | 93.9 (90.9 to 95.9) | 92.8 (89.7 to 95.1) | 86.5 (82.6 to 89.6) | 85.4 (81.3 to 88.6) |
| Specificity | 24.5 (23.1 to 25.9) | 21.9 (20.5 to 23.4) | 22.1 (20.7 to 23.5) | 24.2 (22.8 to 25.7) | 24.4 (22.9 to 25.9) |
| Bacteraemia: | |||||
| Sensitivity | 81.5(63.3 to 91.8) | 81.5 (63.3 to 91.8) | 81.5 (63.3 to 91.8) | 81.5 (63.3 to 91.8) | 81.5 (63.3 to 91.8) |
| Specificity | 24.3 (22.9 to 25.7) | 20.4 (19.1 to 21.8) | 20.6 (19.3 to 21.9) | 23.2 (21.8 to 24.6) | 23.4 (22.0 to 24.8) |
| Pneumonia: | |||||
| Sensitivity | 88.9 (82.1 to 93.4) | 88.9 (82.1 to 93.4) | 88.9 (82.1 to 93.4) | 88.9 (82.1 to 93.4) | 88.9 (82.1 to 93.4) |
| Specificity | 24.7 (23.3 to 26.1) | 20.7 (19.4 to 22.1) | 20.9 (19.6 to 22.3) | 23.5 (22.1 to 24.9) | 23.8 (22.4 to 25.2) |
*Presence of any one or more serious bacterial infection.
†Test positive is presence of amber or red traffic light feature, or positive urine analysis, or both.