Table 1.
Characteristics of study population
| Sociodemographic and health related behaviors |
Insured* |
Uninsured |
P-value‡ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
HPSA♦ |
Non-HPSA |
HPSA |
Non-HPSA |
|||
| n = 2060 | n = 14247 | n = 201 | n = 950 | |||
| Age (%) |
< 65 |
49.8 |
46.7 |
92.5 |
91.6 |
<0.0001 |
| |
≥ 65 |
50.2 |
53.3 |
7.5 |
8.4 |
|
| Gender (%) |
Female |
53.2 |
54.2 |
62.7 |
62.5 |
<0.0001 |
| |
Male |
46.8 |
45.9 |
37.3 |
37.5 |
|
| Race (%) |
Black |
35.0 |
36.6 |
50.8 |
59.7 |
<0.0001 |
| |
White |
65.0 |
63.4 |
49.3 |
40.3 |
|
| Urban Group (%) |
Urban |
37.3 |
69.9 |
39.3 |
69.0 |
<0.0001 |
| |
Mixed |
21.1 |
11.0 |
19.4 |
10.0 |
|
| |
Rural |
41.6 |
19.1 |
41.3 |
21.0 |
|
| Education (%) |
< High school |
17.4 |
12.4 |
22.4 |
20.1 |
<0.0001 |
| |
High school grad |
28.8 |
25.7 |
41.8 |
33.9 |
|
| |
Some college |
22.9 |
27.3 |
25.4 |
28.4 |
|
| |
College grad and above |
30.9 |
34.6 |
10.5 |
17.6 |
|
| Income (%) |
<$25,000 |
31.4 |
26.5 |
59.7 |
53.2 |
<0.0001 |
| |
$25,000 to $50,000 |
32.0 |
31.1 |
21.4 |
24.0 |
|
| |
>$50,000 |
24.6 |
30.3 |
3.5 |
9.6 |
|
| |
Refused |
12.0 |
12.2 |
15.4 |
13.3 |
|
| Medication Adherence∞ (%) |
Non-Adherent |
31.8 |
34.5 |
39.3 |
41.5 |
<0.0001 |
| |
Adherent |
68.2 |
65.5 |
60.7 |
58.5 |
|
| Tobacco Use (%) |
Current |
15.5 |
13.5 |
27.6 |
29.6 |
<0.0001 |
| |
Never |
46.1 |
45.2 |
45.7 |
38.9 |
|
| |
Past |
38.4 |
41.3 |
26.6 |
31.5 |
|
| Current Alcohol (%) |
No |
56.0 |
50.53 |
59.7 |
56.7 |
<0.0001 |
| |
Yes |
44.0 |
49.5 |
40.3 |
43.3 |
|
| Body Mass Index (%) |
≤25 kg/m2 |
21.5 |
23.1 |
23.2 |
18.7 |
<0.0001 |
| |
25 to 29.9 kg/m2 |
36.2 |
37.5 |
30.3 |
32.0 |
|
| |
≥30 kg/m2 |
42.3 |
39.5 |
46.5 |
49.4 |
|
| Frequency of Exercise (%) |
1 to 3 times per week |
33.8 |
35.6 |
27.0 |
37.9 |
0.0198 |
| |
4 or more per week |
30.8 |
29.4 |
38.8 |
28.6 |
|
| None | 35.4 | 35.0 | 34.2 | 33.4 | ||
Note: * = Insurance status assessed as whether or not participant has any form of health insurance; ♦ = HPSA: Health Professional Shortage Area; ∞ = Medication adherence: assessed using the validated 4-item Morisky scale.‡p-value refers to Chi-square comparisons across both insurance and HPSA strata.