Table 2.
Objective 2: characteristics of study population (mean ± SEM) by ethnic/race group at baseline (A) and at 1 year (B)
| A. Baseline | EA (n = 46) | AA (n = ;57) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) |
34.7 ± 0.9 |
34.5 ± 0.8 |
| Body weight (kg) |
65.8 ± 0.9 |
64.9 ± 0.8 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) |
23.7 ± 0.2 |
23.9 ± 0.1 |
| Body fat (%) |
34.1 ± 0.7 |
32.3 ± 0.6* |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) |
87 ± 1 |
83 ± 1** |
| Fasting insulin (μIU/ml) |
8 ± 3 |
8 ± 3 |
| Insulin sensitivity [SI; x 10-4 min-1/(μIU/ml)] |
4.73 ± 0.28 |
3.76 ± 0.25** |
| Acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg; μIU/ml x 10 min) |
416 ± 65 |
794 ± 59*** |
|
B. 1 year. |
EA |
AA |
| Energy intake (kcal/d)1 |
1399 ± 52 |
1281 ± 49 |
| Carbohydrate intake (g/d) 1 |
177 ± 9 |
157 ± 9 |
| Protein intake (g/d) 1 |
63 ± 3 |
54 ± 3* |
| Fat intake (g/d) 1 |
51 ± 3 |
50 ± 3 |
| Glycemic load1 |
99 ± 5 |
91 ± 5 |
| Δ%fat |
+4.8 ± 0.4 |
+5.7 ± 0.4 |
| Δ Lean mass (kg) | −0.09 ± 0.23 | −0.30 ± 0.20 |
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 for EA vs AA.
1For diet data: n = 31 EA; n = 36 AA.
Abbreviations: EA = European-American; AA = African-American.