Fig. 4.

Bamboo leaf extract (BLE) results in altered vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). (A) Immunoblotting for VCAM-1 using lysates from TNF-α-stimulated HUVECs treated with DMSO or BLE at the indicated concentrations. (B) Relative VCAM-1 expression was calculated based on densitometric scanning data of each band. Immunoblotting for each protein was performed at least twice using independently prepared lysates, and the results were consistent.