Table 3.
Cause of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized adults and role of viruses in six recent studies
| Charles et al,47 2008 (N = 885) |
Johansson et al,7 2010 (N = 184) |
Johnstone et al,8 2008 (N = 193) |
Lieberman et al,9 2010 (N = 183) |
Jennings et al,6 2008 (N = 225)a |
Templeton et al,48 2005 (N = 105) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | Not stated | Mean 63 | Median 71 | Mean 60 | Median 70 | Median 60 |
| Any pathogen | 46% | 67% | 39% | Not stated | 58% | 76% |
| Any bacteria | 38% | 58%b | 20% | Not stated | 48% | 46% |
| Any virus | 15% | 29% | 15% | 32% | 34% | 54% |
| Coinfection | 9% | 23% | 4% | Not stated | 30% | 27% |
| RSV | 2% | 4% | 3% | 7% | 4% | 3% |
| Influenza virus | 8% | 8% | 4% | 4% | 12% | 10% |
| hMPV | NS | 2% | 4% | 1% | 0% | 0% |
| Adenovirus | <1% | 2% | 1% | 2% | 4% | 4% |
| Parainfluenza virus | <1% | 4% | 2% | 0% | 1% | 8% |
| Rhinovirus/enterovirusc | 5% | 7% | 2% | 5% | 13% | 17% |
| Coronavirus | NS | 2% | 2% | 13% | 2% | 13% |
Abbreviation: NS, not sought.
a
Includes those with complete viral testing.
b
PCR assays were used for bacterial pathogens including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza, Moraxella, Legionella sp, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydophila pneumoniae.
c
Most assays identify both rhinovirus and enterovirus.