Table 3.

Physicochemical properties of nanoemulsions A, B, C, and D in the absence and presence of the drug incorporated into the oil phase (OP) and in the finished formulation (FF)

NE	Drug incorporation method	Conductivity	Refractive index	pH	Drug content (%)
A	Control	0.63 ± 0.05	1.432 ± 0.001	5.65 ± 0.05	–
	OP	0.08 ± 0.2	1.437 ± 0.001	5.42 ± 0.01	100.71 ± 0.94
	FF	0.05 ± 0.03	1.438 ± 0.000	5.63 ± 0.10	99.39 ± 0.98
B	Control	17.52 ± 0.94	1.452 ± 0.001	6.78 ± 0.07	–
	OP	15.20 ± 1.70	1.495 ± 0.003	6.78 ± 0.02	101.07 ± 0.84
	FF	15.35 ± 2.22	1.459 ± 0.003	6.89 ± 0.06	98.11 ± 0.92
C	Control	34.87 ± 1.10	1.437 ± 0.001	6.18 ± 0.00	–
	OP	28.43 ± 3.01	1.446 ± 0.001	6.10 ± 0.03	100.86 ± 0.33
	FF	26.67 ± 0.59	1.445 ± 0.003	6.07 ± 0.04	98.23 ± 1.29
D	Control	11.73 ± 0.63	1.451 ± 0.001	6.22 ± 0.04	–
	OP	11.63 ± 1.79	1.459 ± 0.004	6.18 ± 0.04	100.67 ± 1.49
	FF	11.23 ± 1.70	1.460 ± 0.002	6.19 ± 0.03	103.21 ± 1.33
	Excipients
	Water	2.85 ± 0.23	1.328 ± 0.001	5.69 ± 0.01	–
	Isopropyl myristate	0.00 ± 0.00	1.434 ± 0.002	4.60 ± 0.03	–
	n-methyl pyrrolidone	1.40 ± 0.31	1.415 ± 0.001	9.40 ± 0.01	–

Notes: Mean ± standard deviation; n = 3.

Abbreviation: NE, nanoemulsion.