Table 2. Characteristics of the women who participated in the study according to infection status^†.

		No Malaria	P. vivax	P. falciparum
Demographics
	Age, years (mean (SD) [n])	23 (6) [41]	24 (6) [59]	23 (6) [19]
	Gestational age, weeks (median (IQ) [n])	39 (38–40) [40]	39 (38–40) [59]	39 (38–40) [19]
	Gravidity, (median (IQ) [n])	2 (1–4) [40]	2 (1–4) [58]	3 (1–6) [19]
	Primigravidae, %	44	31	26
Clinical outcomes
	Maternal Hb, g/dL (mean, SD) [n])	11.37 (1.40) [33]	11.28 (1.77) [45]	10.35 (1.46) [15]
	Maternal hematocrit, % (mean (SD) [n])	34.17 (4.20) [41]	34.13 (5.10) [59]	31.26 (4.09) [19]◊ •
	Maternal anemia, %	36	42	53
	Birth weight, g (mean (SD) [n])	3192.20 (504.40) [41]	3107.29 (564.12) [59]	3131.67 (507.39) [18]
	Low birth weight, %	10	12	6
Malaria history
	Had previous infection in life, % [n]	61 [41]§	100 [59]	100 [19]
	Ep. in current pregnancy, (median (min-max) [n])	N/A	1 (1–5) [59]	1 (1–3) [19]
	2+ infections during pregnancy (n/total)	N/A	20/59	6/19
	Peripheral parasitemia at term, (n/total)	N/A	3/59	4/19
	Month of infection, (mean (SD), [n])	N/A	5 (3) [58]	6 (3) [17]
	Trimester of infection, (% 1st/2nd/3rd)	N/A	34/33/33	36/10/54

^†Women were grouped according to their malaria diagnoses during pregnancy, based on microscopy data. (SD) standard deviation. (IQ) 25^th and 75^th percentile. (n) number of women with data recorded. (%) percentage of total women in each group. (Hb) hemoglobin. (Ep.) number of episodes. (N/A) not applicable. Anemia: Hb<11 g/dL. Low birth weight: birth weight<2,500 g. 2+ infections during pregnancy: women with two or more infections detected over the duration of the pregnancy. Month of infection: Gestation month of first diagnosed infection. Trimester of infection: percentage of infections that were detected per trimester of gestation.

^◊Student's t-test: P. falciparum vs. no malaria, P = 0.015.

^•Student's t-test: P. falciparum vs. P. vivax, P = 0.029.

^§χ² test: no malaria vs. P. vivax or P. falciparum, P<<0.001.