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. 2012 Nov 27;5(2):645–650. doi: 10.3892/ol.2012.1047

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Figure 4. — MCP-1 expression is upregulated by endogenous and exogenous PGE₂. (A) Exogenous TNF-α enhances PGE₂ secretion in melanoma cell lines. (B and C) Exogenous TNF-α stimulates MCP-1 mRNA expression and protein secretion in melanoma cell lines. (D and E) TNF-α treatment is not able to stimulate MCP-1 mRNA expression and protein production in melanoma cells pre-treated with COX-2 siRNA. (F and G) Exogenous PGE₂ promoted MCP-1 mRNA expression and protein secretion in melanoma cells. ^*P<0.01 vs. normal. MCP-1, macrophage chemoattractant protein-1; PGE₂, prostaglandin E₂.